This is a condensed version of this article originally prepared for the USNA McMullen Naval History Symposium in 2017 and collaboration between David Boslaugh, Peter Marland, John Vardalas (Stevens Institute Technology) who have previously written about postwar development naval digital systems their respective countries.

A critical element to successful command and control (C 2) is developing and updating an accurate and lucid model of the interdependencies between functional units, e.g., multiple platoons of artillery and tanks. Two of the challenges to this understanding are (1) the adoption of a detailed description of interdependency and the associated understanding of interdependent functions (Brehmer, 200...