BACKGROUND The presence of distracting stimuli during eating increases the meal size and could thereby contribute to overeating and obesity. However, the effects of within-meal distraction on later food intake are less clear. OBJECTIVE We sought to test the hypothesis that distraction inhibits memory encoding for a meal, which, in turn, increases later food intake. DESIGN The current study ...

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are well-known for engagement in challenging behaviors. Unfortunately, due to its absence as a criterion for diagnosis in the DSM-IV-TR, little attention has been paid to the endorsement rates of such behaviors. However, a recently developed measure to assist in the diagnosis of infants and toddlers with autism and PDD-NOS – the Baby and Infant Scr...

The acha (Digitaria exile staff) grain was washed (tap water), sun dried, milled and sieved (400mn sieve aperture) to produce acha flour. The beniseed(Sesamum indicum) seeds were sorted, washed, sun dried, milled, defatted (using ethanol), dried and sieved (400mn sieve aperture) to produce beniseed flour. The defatted beniseed flour was substituted into the acha flour at 0-20% to produce benise...

An in-depth chemical-analytical study has been performed on biscuit and mortar from 17th-18th century tiles from a mediaeval hermitage in the province of Valencia (Spain). Representative samples were chosen from the tile fragments available, using appearance, essentially color and consistency, as the criterion. The chemical composition was analyzed by X-ray fluorescence of the samples in the fo...

Increasingly, companies are taking part in process improvement programmes, which brings about a growing need for employees to interpret and act on data representations. We have carried out case studies in a range of companies to identify the existence and need of what we call Techno-mathematical Literacies (TmL): functional mathematical knowledge mediated by tools and grounded in the context of...

Composite biscuit was made from breadfruit/wheat flour. Dehulled breadfruit was sorted, washed, sun dried, milled and sieved to get flour. The breadfruit/wheat flour was mixed in the ratio 0:100%, 10:90%, 20:80%, 30:70%, 40:60%, 50:50% and 60:40% respectively and used to produce biscuits. Proximate analysis, sensory and quality evaluations were carried out on the biscuits. The proximate composi...

Sucrose consumption in preschool or school children, or in adolescents is generally accepted as being promotive of dental caries. (Takeuchi, 1961; Yudkin, 1969; Bowen, 1978; Newbrun, 1979; Shaw, 1985). That this is no recent association has been illustrated by Shaw (1985) in his review of the relationship of diet to dental caries in which he quoted a question posed by Aristotle in 350 BC “Why d...

This paper presents a framework dedicated to support the acquisition of useful and usable scientific knowledge that can be transferred to industrialists. It exposes the seven corpora of knowledge (Initial data, Problem, Hypothesis, Tests, Results, Interpretation and Conclusion) necessary both to acquire and to structure relevant scientific knowledge. The framework is used in the domain of desig...

Sugar has multiple roles in baked products; competing for water and as such reducing starch gelatinisation gluten development, behaving a fluid during cooking, recrystallising on cooling; which influence properties aeration, texture mouthfeel. Partial replacement with inulin, can provide beneficial nutritional functional properties. This paper investigated the degree of polymerisation (DP) two ...