systems of computers and their application in the lives of modern human beings are vastly expanding. in any kind of computer application, failure in computer systems can lead to a range of financial and mortal losses. indeed, the major origin of software failure can be located in designing or implementing software. with regard to these statistics, 30% of the software projects have been prospero...

Geometry is the second field of mathematics. It is the extension of number theory. There is no exact period for the origin of classical geometry. Euclid was the first mathematician who compiled Elements which contains propositions and constructions. In Elements, Euclid assumed five postulates. Euclid could not prove the parallel postulate. After Euclid almost allmathematicians attempted to dedu...