Agriculture is a significant contributor to phosphorus (P) enrichment in aquatic ecosystems. No-till (NT) farming has been proposed as an alternative approach to conventional tillage (CT) in reducing soil P export, but published data have shown contrasting impacts, likely due to the interacting effects of different physical (climate region, rainfall variability, transport pathway, slope gradien...

Cobalamins are stored in high concentrations in the human liver and thus are available to participate in the regulation of hepatotropic virus functions. We show that cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) inhibited the HCV internal ribosome entry site (IRES)-dependent translation of a reporter gene in vitro in a dose-dependent manner without significantly affecting the cap-dependent mechanism. Vitamin B1...

We compared the effects of high and low oral and intravenous (iv) fat load on blood pressure (BP), endothelial function, autonomic nervous system, and oxidative stress in obese healthy subjects. Thirteen obese subjects randomly received five 8-h infusions of iv saline, 20 (32 g, low iv fat) or 40 ml/h intralipid (64 g, high iv fat), and oral fat load at 32 (low oral) or 64 g (high oral). Systol...

Correlations between suspended sediment load rating parameters, river basin morphology, and climate provide information about the physical controls on the sediment load in rivers and are used to create predictive equations for the sediment rating parameters. Long-term time-averaged values of discharge, suspended load, flow duration, flow peakedness, and temporally averaged values of precipitati...

Two modifications to a reference direct methanol fuel-cell (DMFC) system are considered to improve methanol fuel utilisation. Fuel utilisation can be optimised by minimising the parasitic methanol crossover by manipulating methanol concentration in the fuel cells. Simulations of the two systems indicate that there is considerable potential to increase fuel utilisation for dynamic concentration ...

Leptin is secreted by adipocytes and plays a role in the regulation of food intake. However, the regulation of leptin production by adipose tissue is unclear. We have investigated whether a mixed meal or a high-fat load given orally, or a pure fat load given intravenously, stimulates adipose tissue leptin production. Six volunteers were studied on two occasions following an overnight fast. On o...

background: this study aimed to evaluate the pollution levels of surface water with heavy metals including pb, cd and cr in gheshlagh river, western iran. methods: water and sediment were sampled in five monitoring stations with three replicates in time along the river. the concentration of cr, pb and cd in both water and sediment samples were measured with graphite furnace atomic absorption sp...

We investigated the potential role of magnesium (Mg) dysbalance in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance (IR) in patients with mildly-to-moderately decreased renal function (creatinine: 142.8+/-11.0 mmol/l). The data were compared to those of 8 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (CTRL). The standard oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) was performed in 61 patients. Twenty-two patients were cl...

Postprandial hypoglycemia is a complication following gastric bypass surgery, which frequently remains undetected. Severe hypoglycemic episodes, however, put patients at risk, e.g., for syncope. A major cause of hypoglycemia following gastric bypass is hyperinsulinemic nesidioblastosis. Since pancreatic islets in nesidioblastosis overexpress insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptor α and a...

A 27-year-old HIV-infected pregnant Japanese woman was admitted to our hospital at gestational week 14. The patient's HIV viral load was 71,000 copies/mL, and her CD4 cell count was 147 cells/mm(3). Zidovudine, lamivudine, and lopinavir/ritonavir were administered at gestational week 18. Because the viral load increased to 222,000 copies/mL at the initiation of antiretroviral therapy, we added ...