Since 1999, gasoline prices in California, Illinois and Wisconsin have spiked occasionally well above gasoline prices in nearby states. In May and June 2000, for example, gasoline prices in Chicago rose twenty eight cents per gallon to $2.13, while prices nationally rose only nine to $1.73. Several qualitative studies identify unique gasoline formulations in California, Illinois and Wisconsin a...

The vertical motion of air that enhances or restricts the atmospheric turbulence through boundary layer is known as "atmospheric stability", in which any movement components such water vapor, aerosols, etc. are affected by stability. aim this research to test effect stability on amount downward aersols flux at 10um (PM10) emission from stacks Daura refinery, and estimated deposition dust aeroso...

The city of Zarghan is located 25 km northeast of Shiraz, southern Iran. Zarghan is affected by numerous pollution sources such as oil refinery, an industrial park, and Shiraz-Tehran highway. The numerous contaminating sources around Zarghan can cause serious local air pollution. Sulfur dioxide gas is an important index of air pollution in cities. Therefore, in order to control and manage Zargh...

It is a great challenge to find efficient tools for shortterm scheduling of oil refinery processes. Although some, theoretical advancement has been made in this field, a gap between theory and applications exists. In practice, the short-term scheduling job of oil refinery processes is still done manually by planners, because of the lack of such tools. This paper briefly introduces the productio...

background: blood hemoglobin can be damaged by toxins such as lead. thus, this study was carried out to assess its blood hemoglobin concentration in the staff of kermanshah oil refinery that had been exposed to lead components. methods: in this study, 150 workers at kermanshah oil refinery were selected as the case group and 70 workers of textile industry factory were chosen as the control grou...

0 A tremendous amount of material has been written about wastewater treatment and reuse in recent years. This is partly due to the constantly changing technology in the field. Controversy surrounding the promulgation of regulations by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and subsequent revisions, have added to the confusion. The purpose of this article is to attempt to tie this mass of in...

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) represent a novel platform for treating wastewater and at the same time generating electricity. Using Pseudomonas putida (BCRC 1059), a wild-type bacterium, we demonstrated that the refinery wastewater could be treated and also generate electric current in an air-cathode chamber over four-batch cycles for 63 cumulative days. Our study indicated that the oil refinery ...

The physicochemical qualities of a refinery effluent and water and sediment of an effluent receiving water body were investigated. The treated refinery effluent contained very high concentrations of phenol (11.06 mg/l), oil and grease (7.52 mg/l), ammonia (8.52 mg/l), COD (91.76 mg/l), TDS (390.6 mg/l) and phosphate (6.2 mg/l), but low in sulphide, nickel, lead, copper and chromium, which were ...

Oil refinery waste activated sludge produced from oil wastewater biological treatment is a major industrial sludge. Two-phase anaerobic digestion of oil refinery waste activated sludge was studied for the first time. Thermal pretreatment under 170 °C is effective on sludge solubilization. At the optimum hydrolytic-acidogenic condition which was pH of 6.5, temperature of 55 °C and HRT of 2 days,...