Retrocaval ureter, also known as circumcaval ureter, is a rare congenital anomaly which commonly presents with loin pain in middle age group. Here, ureter passes between the inferior vena cava (IVC) and psoas muscle and gets compressed. Duplication of IVC is another rare congenital anomaly in the development of IVC. We present a case of a 49-year-old male who presented with loin pain and upon t...

Congenital coronary sinus anomalies are extremely rare, and they have received relatively little attention. This is probably due to the lack of both clinical symptoms and significant cardiac functional disturbance. We present two cases of a coronary sinus anomaly and briefly review the literature. Recognizing and being familiar with the variations of a congenital coronary sinus anomaly in conge...

Absence of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is a rare congenital anomaly. The embryology of the ICA and the common collateral pathways associated with its congenital absence are reviewed, with four new cases provided for illustration. While collateral blood flow may allow these patients to remain asymptomatic, two of our patients presented with transient ischemic attacks. Recognition of this a...

Anomalous origin of left main coronary artery from pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a very rare congenital anomaly, reported in less than 0.5% of all the congenital heart diseases. Left untreated, majority of the patients die in infancy of myocardial ischemia. We report a case with this anomaly, presented in early infancy with progressive dyspnoea, feeding difficulty and cardiomagaly on X-ray. The ...

Background Ebstein’s anomaly is a rare congenital heart disorder (1 per 200,000 live births), accounting for about 0.3 to 0.7% of all cases of congenital heart disease. The condition is characterized by tricuspid valve abnormality with apical displacement of the septal and posterior leaflets from the atrioventricular annulus into the right ventricle, leading to the ‘atrialization’ of a portion ...

Accessory mitral valve is a rare congenital abnormality and an unusual cause of subvalvular obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract. Accessory mitral valves are usually detected in children due to symptomatic obstruction; isolated nonobstructive accessory mitral valve is rarely seen in adults. We describe the echocardiographic diagnosis of accessory mitral valve as an isolated congeni...

Introduction: Coronary artery anomalies are rare clinical entities reported in 0.6% to 5.6% of diagnostic coronary angiographies. Anomalous origins of coronary arteries from distal segments are rarely reported. Presented herein is a coronary anomaly in which the circumflex artery (CX) originated as a continuation of the posterolateral branch of the right coronary artery (RCA) w...

There is little information about the epidemiology of congenital eye anomalies in Ghana. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 485 admissions to the paediatric eye centre of the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Ghana (2004-2009) and 263 were diagnosed with at least one anomaly. Visual acuity was quantitatively assessed in 209 patients and 130 had some visual impairment; 49 with bilater...

PURPOSE Congenital dacryocystocele is a rare anomaly in the newborn child. The swelling of lachrymal sac is observed by birth and it is associated with obstruction of lachrymal system either above or below lachrymal sac. METHODS Diagnosis was made by clinical observation. Some ancillary examinations, such as ultrasonography, tomography, and rhinoscopy, were useful. RESULTS The authors descr...

s from the 13th EUROCAT SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM: Advancing congenital anomaly research through collaboration, 16–17 June 2016, Milan, Italy Guest Editor: Judith Rankin A special thank you to the EUROCAT Management Committee: Ingeborg Bari sić Fabrizio Bianchi Ester Garne Maria Loane Joan Morris Vera Nelen Amanda Neville Judith Rankin A special thank you to the JRC/Public Health Policy Support Unit...