OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) for infantile hydrocephalus. METHODS Retrospectively reviewed the 17 infantile hydrocephalus cases who were treated with ETV between July 2009 and June 2013. The study includes 17 patients (4 Han and 13 Hui) between the ages of 51 and 337 days. Five cases with encephalitis history and 2 cases with cerebral hemorrh...

Pediatric hydrocephalus is one of the most frequently diagnosed diseases in pediatric neurosurgical practice. Approximately 60% of the total cases of hydrocephalus in children are congenital or acquired in childhood. It is a typical surgical disease and if left untreated, most cases are lethal. Traditionally, shunts are the main treatment since 1940s. However, sometimes shunt dependency in chil...

A 2-year-old male red fox (Vulpes vulpes) was presented for generalised tonic-clonic seizures, blindness, compulsive circling and behavioural changes that occurred since the animal 2 months old. Neurological examination indicated a diffuse forebrain lesion. On magnetic resonance imaging of brain, severe dilation both lateral ventricles identified. Congenital hydrocephalus suspected treated with...

Dandy-Walker Malformation (DWM) is a rare congenital anomaly of the posterior cranial fossa. Features DWM include hypoplasia cerebellar vermis, enlargement fossa, and cystic dilatation fourth ventricle. MRI modality to confirm diagnosis. Treatment usually symptomatic required when signs hydrocephalus develop. Rare cases asymptomatic diagnosed incidentally are reported in literature. We report c...

Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI) is a rare congenital neoplasm that originates from the neural crest cells, which give rise to the melanocytes of the skin and leptomeninges. We report a case of MNTI with neurocutaneous melanosis of a 28-month-old girl. She was born with hydrocephalus and several large congenital giant nevi. There were no findings except for hydrocephalus, after...

Pseudo-TORCH syndrome or congenital infection-like syndrome is a group of conditions which resemble congenital infections such as those caused by toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes (TORCH) group of organisms, clinico-radiologically, but serological tests are negative for the organisms. One of the variety shows features such as microcephaly, extensive intracranial calcificatio...