This paper studies the incentive effects of a balanced scorecard within a multitask agency framework under both formal and relational contracts. First, the main characteristics of the balanced scorecard are analyzed with respect to performance measure congruity. It is shown that under complete verifiability, a properly designed balanced scorecard is capable of perfectly aligning the interests o...

China’s coffee sector is experiencing a transformation related to sustainability. While the media have reported various novel brands in China, scholars mostly focused on established non-Chinese brands. These studies still cite relevance of growing middle class, which adopts as part an ‘exquisite Western lifestyle’ and form antecedents brand loyalty from perspective. may not directly apply that ...

BACKGROUND The primary objective of this study was to assess the interobserver and intraobserver agreement on ligamentous injuries on conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in acute simple elbow dislocation. The secondary objectives were to determine the interobserver agreement on the assessment of joint congruity, joint effusion, loose bodies and chondral lesions on conventional MRI. ...

Self-congruity theory proposes that part of consumer behaviour is determined by an individual’s comparison of the image of themselves to the image of a product/brand, or to the stereotype of a typical user of the brand (Sirgy, 1986). Self-congruity models have been used in a variety of product branding applications; however, limited research has been conducted within the service industries. Ser...