air pollution is today a major problem for modern societies. it has long been recognized as a potentially lethal form of pollution. increasing pollution levels due to rapid urbanization and growth in emission related to vehicular transportation are now caused major concern. the mobilization of heavy metals into the biosphere by human activities has become an important process in the geochemical...

A method is described for direct analysis of lead in blood utilizing the carbon rod atomizer. Aliquots of whole blood are analyzed without pre-treatment. Resuits are comparable to those for a similar non-flame technique in which whole blood samples were prediluted with “Triton X-100.” The small sample volumes required and the minimal sample preparation further diminish the possibility of spurio...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the impact of blood contamination on shear bond strength (SBS) and bond failure pattern of metallic brackets bonded using a new hydrophilic resin. MATERIAL AND METHODS Eighty human premolars were randomly allocated into 4 groups (n=20) according to the bonding material and contamination pattern. GI: brackets bonded with the Transbond XT convention...

water and sediment samples were collected from six different stations, located along the nil river between february and june 2015. concentrations of cadmium, lead, zinc, and copper were determined. the extent of the sediment pollution was assessed, using the multiple pollution indices, namely contamination factor (cf), pollution load index (pli), and the geoaccumulation index (igeo). the result...

Arsenic stress induces in subtle changes in the canopy chlorophyll content (CCC). Therefore, the establishment of a spectral index that is sensitive to subtle changes in the CCC is important for monitoring crop arsenic contamination in large areas by remote sensing. Experimental sites with three contamination levels were selected and were located in Chang Chun City, Jilin City, Jilin Province, ...