in the civil procedures act 1379 the act reference of arbitration is stipulated in agreement and arbitration clause due to no exact order of arbitration contract class. however, the civil law relies on the basis of consensual contracts. in contrast, the international commercial law relies on the arbitration contract as written form. according to the international commercial law, the arbitration...

What determines the length of a contract? A contract that is too short bears the burden of excessive transaction costs. On the other hand, contracts that are too long eliminate the option of switching among the lowest-cost providers. Equilibrium contracts balance these two forces. Fundamentally, the tradeoff of transaction costs and supply costs is a question of bundling. The optimal bundle siz...

Channel coordination using contracts is a topic that commanded a great deal of attention in the supply chain management literature. Several recent studies that tested the performance of coordinating contracts in the laboratory found that they fail to coordinate channels, and a major reason for this failure is that a significant proportion of offers are rejected. Our study extends the body of re...

nowadays, belief in the criteria and conditions of interactions with an organization to promote customer relationships is somehow tied to the organizational performance, and its final goal is of great importance. in the literature on organizational behavior, this belief is defined as the “psychological contract”. the intention of this mixed research is to identify and discover the contents of p...

This paper analyzes contactual situations between many principals and many agents. Agents have private information and principals take actions. Principals can contract not only on the reports of the agents but also on the contracts offered by the other principals. Contracts are required to be representable in a formal language. The main result of the paper is a full characterization of the allo...

today manufacturing contract has a special place in the big and small transaction. the subject of manufacturing contract is the made of goods that manufacturer has recommended to maker with determining of attributes and characterizes with preparation primary materials to make it in a specified time and shall delivered to manufacturer. manufacturing contract in fourth school of religious jurispr...

Background: Due to the increasing expansion of the electronic world in all aspects, e-commerce has found its place alongside traditional transactions and in turn are of particular importance and have left a significant share in commercial contracts. This has led to significant ethical challenges. E-commerce, due to the lack of necessary legal and legal grounds, lack of proper mechanism to prote...