the agricultural products’ market has always been faced with many structural problems such as marketing weakness, price fluctuations and inadequate infrastructure and transportation in iran. a major cause of such structural problems has been referred to the traditional and inefficient structure of the agricultural products’ market. hence, iran mercantile exchange started its activity since 2007...

Abstract We provide evidence that culture is a source of pricing bias. In sample 1.9 million auction transactions in 49 countries, paintings by female artists sell at an unconditional discount 42.1%. The gender increases with measures country-level inequality—even artist fixed effects regressions. Our results are robust to accounting for potential differences art characteristics and their liqui...

The stock exchange determines the share price for activities carried out by seller and buyer of shares. Supply demand influence prices, so they can change at any time. Changes in prices be seen from company's internal external factors. Internal factors occur within company, such as company performance, controlled management. While are that appear outside control but have an impact on performanc...

In this paper, we aim at developing a model for option pricing to reduce the risks associated with Ethiopian commodity prices fluctuations. We used the daily closed Unwashed Lekempti grade 5 (ULK5) coffee and Whitish Wollega Sesame Seed Grade3 (WWSS3) prices obtained from Ethiopia commodity exchange (ECX) market to analyse the prices fluctuations.The natures of log-returns of the prices exhibit a...

â â â  â â â  abstract â  using a structural var with block exogeneity, diagonality and identifying restrictions, this paper analyzes: first, the macroeconomic linkages among the oil price, u.s. output, interest rate, money supply, general price level and exchange rate and second, the relationships of the macroeconomic variables with the price indices of ten international nonfuel commodity grou...

this paper employs a multivariate dynamic conditional correlation garch model, which is developed by engle (2001, 2002), to detect the timing and nature of changes in the comovement between iranian output and prices for the periods after iran–iraq war , known as imposed war . the results showed that there is a weak correlation between output and prices after imposed war and  varies periodically...