We present measurements of the forces on, and displacements of, an optically trapped bead along the propagation direction of the trapping laser beam (the axial direction). In a typical experimental configuration, the bead is trapped in an aqueous solution using an oil-immersion, high-numerical-aperture objective. This refractive index mismatch complicates axial calibrations due to both a shift ...

A major challenge of the postgenomic era is the functional characterization of every single gene within the mammalian genome. In an effort to address this challenge, we assembled a collection of mutations in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells, which is the largest publicly accessible collection of such mutations to date. Using four different gene-trap vectors, we generated 5,142 sequences adjacent...

background human telomerase reverse transcriptase (htert) has become an ideal target for development of anticancer therapy. small interfering rnas (sirnas) are very powerful reagents for gene silencing and show promise for cancer gene therapy. however, only a small number of sirnas have been demonstrated to be effective. for gene therapy targeting htert, it is essential to develop a robust syst...

A monoclonal antibody was developed that recognizes an antigen with an asymmetric distribution in the chick retina. Immunohistochemistry showed that this antigen, temporal retinal axon protein (TRAP), was present on most if not all axons that arose from the temporal side of the retina. Very few of the axons from the nasal side of the retina were positive for TRAP. The nasal-temporal difference ...

The use of simple and economic traps with long lasting lure dispensers is key for implementation of mass trapping strategies against pestiferous fruit flies. Simplicity, cost, ease of assembly, storage and transportation were considered during evaluation of a folding conical trap for mass trapping the Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens. The application of deltamethrin to the lid of the trap r...

In Bacillus subtilis, expression of the tryptophan biosynthetic genes is regulated in response to tryptophan by an RNA-binding protein called TRAP (trp RNA-binding attenuation protein). TRAP has been shown to contain 11 identical subunits arranged in a symmetrical ring. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the interaction between tryptophan-activated TRAP and trp leader RNA were studied. Res...

adenoviruses (advs) types 40 and 41 are the causative agents of diarrhea in children. hence, rapid sensitive and specific detection of these viruses are of clinical importance. the customary methods such as propagation of virus in cell culture suffer from limitations. detection of immobilized amplified products in a one phase system (diapops) method has the potential to overcome these problems....

AIM To evaluate the diagnostic value of telomerase expression in intracranial tumours. METHODS 98 surgical specimens from different neoplasms were analysed by the telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) and the presence of telomerase compared with the histological diagnosis and the proliferation index. RESULTS A high degree of positivity for telomerase activity was found in glioblast...