This article examines the forces shaping changes in number of parties between consecutive elections. We argue that transaction costs electoral coordination depend on turnout level previous election. The greater peripheral voters entering electorate, less likely a substantial change distribution partisan support subsequent argument is tested using data for 313 parliamentary elections 63 countrie...

objective(s): the present study aims at examining the motor coordination performance, serum and cerebellar estrogen, as well as erβ levels, of ovariectomized rats (as menopausal model) following regular exercise. materials and methods:ten female sprague dawley ratsaged 12 weeks old were randomly divided into two groups; all of which underwent ovariectomy. the first group was treated with regula...

The influence of atom packing and the geometric arrangement of atoms on the coordination number(s) and resultant simulated EXAFS spectra for face centrered cubic (fcc), hexagonal close packed (hcp) and body centered cubic (bcc) monometallic structures and fcc bimetallic structures, has been examined for metal clusters with an isotropic diameter up to 3 nm. We observe clear differences as a func...

A number of redox-active coordination polymers (CPs) or metal- organic frameworks (MOFs) have been successfully synthesized using transition metals and bridging ligands. This article aims to deal with gathering the aforementioned disperse issues regarding the electroactive CPs. It also goes towards illustrating the effects of various factors on the electrochemical behavior of CPs including...

The complex of Ce(III), [ Ce (PHENSC) (H 0) ] (C10 ) , was synthesized using the PHENSC, a hexadentate ligand,2,9-diformyl-1,lO- Phenanthroline bis (semicarbazone), and characterized by X-ray diffraction. The cerium atom has an unusual coordination number of ten involving six donor atoms of the planar ligand in the equatorial plane and four oxygen atoms from four axial water molecules. The...

The objectives of this experiment were to investigate the application of new ligands including different atoms & evaluation their nucleophile effects against various metals. Chemistry researchers are really interested in this field. From among various ligands, there are some ligands with different coordinating ligands as well. There are great number of intermediate complexes and major elements ...