Magnetic resonance images are often corrupted byintensity inhomogeneity, which manifests itself as slow intensityvariations of the same tissue over the image domain. Suchshading artifacts must be corrected before doing computerizedanalysis such as intensity-based segmentation and quantitativeanalysis. In this paper, we present a fuzzy c-means (FCM)based algorithm that si...

The aim of this study was to determine the effects different amounts crude glycerol (CGL) on dry matter intake, milk yield, protein and fatty acid profile dairy cows grazing a Kikuyu-based pasture. Six Holstein were used in first third lactation (mean ± SD 559 22.5 kg body weight, 43 10 days milk, 26.8 1.2 milk/day) randomized within replicated 3 × Latin square arrangement. Animals grazed Kikuy...

OBJECTIVES To longitudinally assess bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), and whole-body lean mass obtained through bone densitometry by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in preterm newborns (PTNs) and compare them with full-term newborns (FTNs) from birth to 6 months of corrected postnatal age. METHODS A total of 28 adequate for gestational age (AGA) newborns were stud...

The term "Production Diseases" referred traditionally to those diseases induced by management practices, metabolic diseases are typical examples. Recently, the term "Production related diseases" has been enhanced to include other traits, such as infertility, and diseases such as mastitis and lameness that might involve infectious agents but exacerbated by nutritional or managemental factors. Th...

Performance, digestibility of nutrients, microbial nitrogen flow (MNF) and nitrogen efficiency (NE) inearly lactating Holstein cows were investigated by diet supplementation with sodium caseinate (CN).Multiparous lactating Holstein cows (n = 15) with an average body weight of 638 kg and 21 days in milkwere assigned to a completely randomized design (five cows per treatment) and fed a basal diet...

Regression models were developed for prediction of days to first postpartum ovulation in Holstein cows milked twice daily. Variables subjected to least squares multiple regression analysis included experimental data collected during weeks 1 and 2 postpartum from 20 cows that ovulated first between 15 and 34 days postpartum. Changes in serum estradiol (AE), number of ovarian follicles ;~ 10 mm d...

From the last line Gaines and Davidson (I9~3) derived the formula, F C M = M (.4q-.I5 f) or F C M = . 4 M-+-I5 F, in which FCM is milk energy in terms of pounds of natural whole cows' milk of 4 percent fat content, M is milk in pounds and F is milk fat in pounds. Recently, Bonnier, Hansson and Jarl (I946) report that the regression of milk energy per unit milk on fat percentage is not linear an...

IntroductIon By definition, image segmentation represents the partitioning of an image into nonoverlapping, consistent regions, which appear to be homogeneous with respect to some criteria concerning gray level intensity and/or texture. The fuzzy c-means (FCM) algorithm is one of the most widely used method for data clustering, and probably also for brain image segmentation (Bezdek & Pal., 1991...