Established in 1987, the EuroQol Group initially comprised a network of international, multilingual and multidisciplinary researchers from seven centres in Finland, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and the UK. Nowadays, the Group comprises researchers from Canada, Denmark, Germany, Greece, Japan, New Zealand, Slovenia, Spain, the USA and Zimbabwe. The process of shared development and local expe...

DEFINITION A bi-temporal index is a data structure that supports both temporal time dimensions, namely, transactiontime (the time when a fact is stored in the database) and valid-time (the time when a fact becomes valid in reality). The characteristics of the time dimensions supported imply various properties that the bi-temporal index should have to be efficient. As traditional indices, the pe...

We introduce two new hash-based index structures to index set-valued attributes. Both are able to support subset and superset queries. Analytical cost models for the new index structures as well as for the two existing index structures, sequential signature le and Russian Doll Tree, are presented and experimentally validated. Using the validated cost model, we express the performance of all fou...

this paper using generalized roeger's model calculated the lerner index for iranian active industries in 4-digit isic codes during the period 1995-2007. the findings indicate that the lerner index has been between 8 to 16 percent in 38 industries among 131 ones. the index also in different industries shows that more than 50 percent of iranian industries have monopolistic power such that th...

Safety valves, discretionary advisory boards, and other cost containment mechanisms enhance the political feasibility of stringent climate policy by limiting firms’ and households’ exposures to higher than anticipated costs associated with reducing greenhouse gas emissions. However, cost containment comes at a price; it increases the risk of climate-related damages and it also discourages inves...

OBJECTIVES To estimate the cost-effectiveness of a planned birth in a birth centre compared with alternative planned places of birth for low-risk women. In addition, a distinction has been made between different types of locations and integration profiles of birth centres. DESIGN Economic evaluation based on a prospective cohort study. SETTING 21 Dutch birth centres, 46 hospital locations w...

We explored the average cost of 94,197 total knee and 78,541 total hip arthroplasties (TKA and THA) using the New York State Hospital Inpatient Cost Transparency database to evaluate the effect of beneficiary health status on hospital reported cost for the two operations. Using the 3M APR-DRG severity of illness index as a measure of patient's health status, we found a significant increase in c...

STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort analysis. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the economic impact of revision surgery for proximal junctional failures (PJF) after thoracolumbar fusions for adult spinal deformity (ASD). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA PJF after fusions for ASD is a major cause of disability. Although clinical sequelae are described, PJF-revision operation costs are incompletely defined. ME...

In this paper, we propose a common phrase index as an efficient index structure to support phrase queries in a very large text database. Our structure is an extension of previous index structures for phrases and achieves better query efficiency with negligible extra storage cost. In our experimental evaluation, a common phrase index has 5% and 20% improvement in query time for the overall and l...