Data from the national tumor registry of Costa Rica for the years 1979-1983 have been used to calculate incidence rates for the major cancer sites by age, sex, urban-rural residence, and geographic region. Recent trends in mortality rates are also presented. Results are compared with data from elsewhere in Latin America, U.S.A., Europe, and Japan. Stomach cancer is the most frequent neoplasm in...

Asthma isa major health problem and their incidence is increasingand represent a recognized cause of morbidity and mortality. Glucocorticoids are the most effective drugs for asthma. Glucocorticoids suppress inflammation by several mechanisms. Its principal action at therapeutic doses is due to trans-repression of activated inflammatory genes, by the recruitment of the enzyme histone desacetyla...

Costa Rica is a middle-income country with a strong governmental emphasis on human development. For more than half a century, its health policies have applied the principles of equity and solidarity to strengthen access to care through public services and universal social health insurance. Costa Rica's population measures of health service coverage, health service use, and health status are exc...

Ganglionus, gen. nov., is described for Þve species: G. mitigatus, sp. nov., from Costa Rica;G. catenatus, sp. nov., fromCosta Rica and Panama;G. undulatus, sp. nov., fromCosta Rica and Panama;G. constrictus, sp. nov., fromEcuador; andG. spatulatus, sp. nov., fromColombia.Ganglionus is placed in Derelomini and presents the following putative synapomorphies: male with (1) dorsally tumescent rost...

annual per capita income, large proportions of populations residing in rural areas, unequal distribution of land ownership and sizes of plots, semi-subsistence agricultural practices, high levels of illiteracy, limited public sanitation, water supply deficient in quantity, quality and availability, poor personal hygienic practices and, in sorne cases, language and cultural barriers within the p...

In light of the Central American Initiative for the control of Chagas disease, efforts were made on the part of Costa Rican and Nicaraguan teams, working separately, to determine the present status of Rhodnius pallescens in areas close to the common border of the two countries, where the insect has appeared within the last few years. The opportunity was also used to establish whether R. prolixu...

Livestock production plays an important role in the economies of Colombia and Costa Rica; livestock production creates direct and indirect jobs and accounts for 32% and 21% of the land used. From an environmental point of view, livestock production contributes to the biological connectivity and forest cover, but it is also a major emitter of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Within the context of the Un...

B.C. Miranda a,b , R.J. Chimentão a,f,∗ , J. Szanyi c , A.H. Braga d , J.B.O. Santos d , F. Gispert-Guirado a , J. Llorca e , F. Medina a a Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona 43007, Spain b Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 2060, Costa Rica c Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, MS K8-86, Richland, WA 99352, USA d Departamento de Engenhar...

Assessing climate change impacts on daily streamflow in California: the utility of daily large-scale climate data E. P. Maurer, H. G. Hidalgo, T. Das, M. D. Dettinger, and D. R. Cayan Civil Engineering Dept., Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, CA, USA Escuela de Fı́sica, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA, USA US Geological Survey,...

Heather R. DeShon,1∗ Susan Y. Schwartz, Andrew V. Newman,2 Victor González,3 Marino Protti,3 LeRoy M. Dorman,4 Timothy H. Dixon,5 Daniel E. Sampson1 and Ernst R. Flueh6 1University of California-Santa Cruz, Earth Sciences Department & IGPP, Santa Cruz, California, USA 2Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA 3Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica-UNA, Heredia, Co...