The release of carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) activity from rat liver mitochondria by increasing concentrations of digitonin was studied for mitochondrial preparations from fed, 48 h-starved and diabetic animals. A bimodal release of activity was observed only for mitochondria isolated from starved and, to a lesser degree, from diabetic rats, and it appeared to result primarily from the e...

The Continuous Performance Test (CPT) has been modified to be used widely as a potential vulnerability marker of schizophrenia. In genetic analyses of schizophrenia, well-established norms for the CPT are essential in choosing a suitable threshold of CPT for classifying subjects as affected or unaffected. In this study, we investigated the performance of 115 adolescents and 345 adults, randomly...

7-Ethyl-10[4-(1-piperidino)-l-piperidino]carbonyloxycamptothecin (CPT-11; Irinotecan), a semisynthetic analogue of camptothecin (CPT) with broad preclinical antitumor activity, has demonstrated impressive activity in phase II trials in Japan in advanced small and non-small cell lung, colorectal, cervical, and ovarian carcinomas, as well as in refractory lymphomas and leukemias. In this phase I ...

Non-P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug-resistant C-A120 cells that overexpressed multidrug resistance protein (MRP) were 10.8- and 29. 6-fold more resistant to 7-ethyl-10-[4-(1-piperidino)-1-piperidino]carbonyloxycamptothecin (CPT-11) and SN-38, respectively, than parental KB-3-1 cells. To see whether MRP is involved in CPT-11 and SN-38 resistance, MRP cDNA was transfected into KB-3-1 cells. The...

Most human tumors overexpress or ectopically express peptide hormone/neurotransmitter receptors, which are being increasingly studied as a means to selectively deliver cytotoxic agents. Although a number of peptide ligand-constructs demonstrate tumor cytotoxicity, the role of specific tumoral receptor interaction in its mediation is unclear. To address this question, we synthesized camptothecin...

CPT-11, a new semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin, is active in a number of tumor types in the clinic, including colon cancer. CPT-11 is a drug that is converted into the active metabolite SN-38 by a carboxylesterase. Experiments were performed to obtain more insight in the cellular characteristics in 5 unselected human colon-cancer cell lines that account for the differential sensitivity ...

Attention/vigilance impairments are present in individuals with schizophrenia across psychotic and remitted states and in their first-degree relatives. An important question is whether deficits in attention/vigilance can be consistently and reliably measured across sites varying in many participant demographic, clinical, and functional characteristics, as needed for large-scale genetic studies ...

We have developed and experimentally studied a coherent population trapping (CPT) state preparation scheme for atomic clock application with co-propagating left and right circularly polarized lasers. With realization of constructive interference and spin-polarized dark state free in CPT state preparation, we have obtained CPT resonance signal 3 times larger than that of the conventional scheme ...

A interacting theory that violates CPT invariance necessarily violates Lorentz invariance. On the other hand, CPT invariance is not sufficient for out-of-cone Lorentz invariance. Theories that violate CPT by having different particle and antiparticle masses must be nonlocal.

Shengjiang Xiexin decoction (SXD), a classic traditional Chinese medical formula chronicled in Shang Han Lun, is used in modern clinical practice to decrease gastrointestinal toxicity induced by the chemotherapeutic drug irinotecan (CPT-11). In this study, the effect of SXD on the pharmacokinetics of CPT-11 and its active metabolites (SN-38 and SN-38G), and the underlying mechanisms were furthe...