The present study describes the presence of os inca, incomplete metopic suture with asymmetrical frontal sinuses and multiple sutural deformities in a skull bone. Os inca has been reported to be associated with other cranial deformities. However, the present study, besides reporting os inca and associated sutural abnormalities, also highlights the presence of an unusual pterion in such cases. T...

The morphology of Orce cranial fragment VM-0 is contrasted with the fronto-parietal region in artiodactyls, and the obelionic region in carnivores and primates including hominids. Sutural development at obelion is compared in those taxa throughout the growth period up to the onset of sutural obliteration, and ontogenetic differences between non-primates and primates lead us to conclude that the...

Models of vertebrate skull evolution stress the coordinated developmental relationship between the skull and the brain that it houses. This study investigates the relationship between altered skull morphology and brain morphology in premature fusion of the cranial sagittal suture (isolated sagittal synostosis; ISS), a condition associated with dysmorphology of both neurocranium and brain. Altho...

Recent research has shown that genetic drift may have produced many cranial differences between Neandertals and modern humans. If this is the case, then it should be possible to estimate population genetic parameters from Neandertal and modern human cranial measurements in a manner analogous to how estimates are made from DNA sequences. Building on previous work in evolutionary quantitative gen...

INTRODUCTION The cranial base plays a key role in craniofacial growth; it helps to integrate spatially and functionally different patterns of growth in various adjoining regions of the skull such as components of the brain, the nasal and oral cavity and the pharynx. The aim of this study was to evaluate the difference in cranial base flexure between skeletal and dental Class I and Class II divi...

Cadherin-7 (Cad7) and cadherin-6B (Cad6B) are expressed in early and late phases of cranial motoneuron development, respectively. Cad7 is expressed by cranial motoneurons soon after they are generated, as well as in the environment through which their axons extend. By contrast, Cad6B is expressed by mature cranial motoneurons. We demonstrate in chick that these cadherins play distinct roles in ...

The skull morphology of the lion (4), dog (15) and cat (4) are described and compared in this work. Measurements of their skull length, weight (without mandible), cranial length and width, facial length and width, skull index, cranial index, facial index, orbital index and cranial capacity are given. Correlations between these measurements were also examined for each species. These results are ...

our experience as a result of this war shows that early intubation, aggressive resuscitation and gcs score are important factors for survival. the time of arrival has great importance on mortality. despite the diversity of views in the literature, patients with gcs of 4 and above should be operated if surgical pathologies exist, and decompressive craniectomy must made wide. if duraplasty is nec...

The chipmunks are a Holarctic group of ground squirrels currently allocated to the genus Tamias within the tribe Marmotini (Rodentia: Sciuridae). Cranial, postcranial, and genital morphology, cytogenetics, and genetics each separate them into three distinctive and monophyletic lineages now treated as subgenera. These groups are found in eastern North America, western North America, and Asia, re...

Quantitative analysis of morphology allows for identification of subtle evolutionary patterns or convergences in anatomy that can aid ecological reconstructions of extinct taxa. This study explores diversity and convergence in cranial morphology across living and fossil primates using geometric morphometrics. 33 3D landmarks were gathered from 34 genera of euprimates (382 specimens), including ...