Growth hormone (GH) secretion affects bone and cartilage physiology. This study investigated the effect of GH on the size of the craniofacial structures and their angular relationship. Three different models of mice with a genetically altered GH axis were used: GH excess (giant), dwarf GH antagonist (dwarf-Ant), and dwarf GH receptor knockout (dwarf-KO) mice. Each model was compared with the co...

This paper illustrates the surgical principles employed in the management of a case of incomplete nasomaxillary dysplasia or Tessier Type 11 Cleft. All pre-operative work-up on this case was performed at The Adelaide Children’s Hospital by members of The South Australian Craniofacial Unit and hospital staff. The surgical treatment was planned and executed by Professor 1. C. van der Meulen who w...

During vertebrate craniofacial development, neural crest cells (NCCs) contribute to most of the craniofacial pharyngeal skeleton. Defects in NCC specification, migration and differentiation resulting in malformations in the craniofacial complex are associated with human craniofacial disorders including Treacher-Collins Syndrome, caused by mutations in TCOF1. It has been hypothesized that pertur...

The association of bruxism with craniofacial pain and symptoms of dysfunction of the masticatory system was assessed in a sample of 483 adult subjects, aged 18-75 years and selected from the general population living in the municipality of Segrate, a metropolitan area in northern Italy. Subjects were interviewed by a questionnaire about oral conditions, occurrence of symptoms of masticatory dis...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the craniofacial asymmetry in adults with neglected congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) by quantitative assessment based on craniofacial three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT). METHODS Preoperative craniofacial asymmetry was measured by 3D-CT for 31 CMT subjects ≥18 years of age who visited a tertiary medical center and underwent 3D-CT between January 2009 and D...

A review of the literature dealing with distraction osteogenesis (DO) of the craniofacial skeleton, provided by a PUBMED search (National Library of Medicine, NCBI; revised 3 April 2000) from 1966 to December 1999 was conducted. Key words used in the search were distraction, lengthening, mandible, mandibular, maxilla, maxillary, midface, midfacial, monobloc, cranial, craniofacial and maxillofac...

Craniofacial disorders present markedly complicated problems in reconstruction because of the complex interactions of the multiple, simultaneously affected tissues. Regenerative medicine holds promise for new strategies to improve treatment of these disorders. This review addresses current areas of unmet need in craniofacial reconstruction and emphasizes how craniofacial tissues differ from the...

Objective: The objective of this article is to highlight the various soft tissue and skeletal manifestations of craniofacial neurofibromatosis and the challenges involved in the surgical management of patients with complex cases. Methodology:An extensive literature review was conducted to highlight the clinical features of craniofacial neurofibromatosis. The notable challenges of management fro...

The purpose of this study is to investigate the craniofacial morphology and the growth pattern in the frontal dimension of Japanese children with malocclusion. Nine hundred twenty-one subjects composed of 343 males and 578 females without any orthodontic treatment, age ranging from 7 years to 18 years, were classified into 3 types of facial skeletal pattern according to the A-B difference in la...

Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is a congenital condition associated with orbital, mandibular, ear, nerve, and soft tissue anomalies. We present a standardized, two-dimensional, digital photographic protocol designed to capture the common craniofacial features associated with CFM.