Although several significant research projects have arisen from international cooperation, especially in the field of genetics, these have been the exception rather than the rule. However, those of us who had the privilege and delight of participating in the World Health Organization meetings were struck by a common realization of the vast potential of systematic international cooperation. It i...

PURPOSE To describe the association between entropion and pediatric facial nerve paralysis in the pediatric population. METHODS A retrospective case series was collected from 5 pediatric patients who required surgical correction for symptomatic entropion with a history of facial nerve palsy. RESULTS All 5 patients presented with epiphora and punctate keratopathy. Following surgical correcti...

PURPOSE This article describes construction of the average face and its application in the clinical environment. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 72 children, mean age 11.8 years, were selected for the study. Laser-scanned images of the subjects were obtained under a reproducible and controlled environment with 2 Minolta Vivid 900 (Minolta, Osaka, Japan) optical laser-scanning devices assemble...

BACKGROUND Patients with craniofacial anomalies often have appearance concerns and related social anxiety which can affect their quality of life. This study assessed the psychological impact of facial and dental appearance in patients with craniofacial anomalies in comparison to a general population control group. METHODS The study involved 102 adult patients (51% male) with congenital cranio...

Median cleft is the midline cleft of the lip. It develops due to incomplete or failed fusion of the median nasal prominence. It can present with minimal deformities such as involvement of the vermilion border, or complex clefting of the midline structures and brain. Median clefts are broadly classified as true and false clefts. This case report describes a rare case of median cleft of the upper...

Past investigations of Down's syndrome (DS) have indicated that there are marked abnormalities in the craniofacial morphology. The aim of this study was to establish the craniofacial anthropometric variables which discriminate DS group from healthy population and also to observe the changes occurring with growth. Using noninvasive method of craniofacial anthropometry, craniofacial pattern profi...

OBJECTIVE To conduct a qualitative evaluation of parenting among families with school-aged and young adolescent children with craniofacial anomalies (CFAs). METHODS Interview responses were obtained from nine mothers of children ages 9 to 14 years old with CFAs. Mothers were asked to describe their perceptions of their children, their children's special needs because of CFAs, and their parent...

Examined factors associated with peer social competence in preadolescents with craniofacial anomalies (CFA). Preadolescents with relatively greater social competence reported more frequent companionship with peers, and more positive Harter (1985) Self-Perception Profile for Children perceptions of physical appearance and scholastic and athletic competence; their parents were more likely to enco...

This paper describes the outcome of the "Speech Assessment" Task Force of the 12th International Congress of the Confederation for Cleft Lip and Palate and Related Craniofacial Anomalies, held in 2013. This task force attempted to identify a draft set of professional competencies required by speech professionals for the perceptual evaluation of cleft palate speech. The task force also generated...

BACKGROUND Obesity and craniofacial abnormalities such as small maxilla and mandible are common features of patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The authors hypothesized that anatomical imbalance between the upper airway soft-tissue volume and the craniofacial size (rather than each alone) may result in pharyngeal airway obstruction during sleep, and therefore development of OSA. METH...