The growing importance of the circular economy has emphasised optimal utilisation resources within constraints economic development and protection environment. Digital technologies associated with Industry 4.0, such as blockchain, facilitate implementation principles throughout supply chain. However, because blockchain in chain is still early stages, real-world examples blockchain-based chains ...

The supply chain represents the critical link between the development of new product and the market in pharmaceutical industry. Over the years, improvements made in supply chain operations have focused largely on ways to reduce cost and gain efficiencies in scale. In addition, powerful regulatory and market forces have provided new incentives for pharmaceutical firms to basically rethink the wa...

We report grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations of the critical point properties of homopolymers within the Bond Fluctuation model. By employing Configurational Bias Monte Carlo methods, chain lengths of up to N = 60 monomers could be studied. For each chain length investigated, the critical point parameters were determined by matching the ordering operator distribution function to its univer...

The supply chain represents the critical link between the development of new product and the market in pharmaceutical industry. Over the years, improvements made in supply chain operations have focused largely on ways to reduce cost and gain efficiencies in scale. In addition, powerful regulatory and market forces have provided new incentives for pharmaceutical firms to basically rethink the wa...

the supply chain represents the critical link between the development of new product and the market in pharmaceutical industry. over the years, improvements made in supply chain operations have focused largely on ways to reduce cost and gain efficiencies in scale. in addition, powerful regulatory and market forces have provided new incentives for pharmaceutical firms to basically rethink the wa...

nowadays, many organizations deal with increasing competition and environmental uncertainty, which caused by innovations in technologies and customer needs change. in term of this condition and environment, old and traditional methods in supply chain has lost their efficiency. on efficient method in this regard is leagility. thus, to model the leagility of supply chain , numbers of research was...

supplier selection is one of the critical activities for firms to gain competitive advantage and achieve the objectives of the whole supply chain. in this paper based on a dea-topsis method for madm problems a flexible strategy for supplier selection is introduced

in this research, a method for determining feeding buffer sizes in critical chain project scheduling is introduced. the method integrates project characteristics into the formulation as well as environment project risk. resource tightness, environment risk and network morphology incorporate into the formulation. the method is tested and compared to three commonly suggested methods in the litera...

Observations from past earthquakes, such as the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, the 1994 Northridge earthquake, and the 1995 Hyogoken-Nanbu (Kobe) earthquake, have clearly demonstrated that compromising water supply systems after an earthquake not only impairs fire fighting capacity, but also disrupts residential, commercial, and industrial activities, and threatens the economic well-being, secu...