The effect of pitch-angle anisotropy of fast electrons on generation of nonthermal radio emission is studied. Incoherent gyrosynchrotron radiation is shown to depend strongly on the anisotropy. In particular, the spectral index of gyrosynchrotron radiation increases up to a factor of 3-4 compared with the isotropic case. The degree of polarization (X-mode) increases for loss-cone distributions,...

Context: In spiral galaxies, star formation tends to trace features of the pattern, including arms, spurs, feathers, and branches. However, in our own Milky Way, it has been challenging connect individual star-forming regions their larger Galactic environment owing perspective from within disk. One feature nearly all modern models Way is Sagittarius Arm, located inward Sun with a pitch angle ~1...

We use data from the plasma and energetic particle instruments on Juno spacecraft, JADE JEDI, to study equatorial pitch angle distributions of protons within Jupiter's inner magnetosphere during Juno's prime mission 2016 2021. Averaging over all observations made by M-shell bins between M = 6 30, we find at energies 10 50 keV are predominantly field-aligned M-shells. In contrast, those above 20...