Although a popular misconception about art criticism is that it is primarily judgmental and negative in tone, in actuality, most of the words written by critics are descriptive and interpretive rather than judgmental, and positive in tone. Critics seek to provide readers with information about artworks, and describing these artworks, many of which will not be seen by their readers. is one of th...

background: postoperative periorbital edema and ecchymosis are common after rhinoplasty. we studied the effect of local injection of lidocaine/adrenaline immediately before osteotomy on prevention of post-operative periorbital edema and ecchymosis in rhinoplasty. m aterials and methods: thirty healthy candidates for rhinoplasty were enrolled in the self-controlled clinical trial study. lidocain...

Although freedom of speech is a Constitutionally protected and widely endorsed value, political tolerance research finds that people are less willing to protect speech they dislike than speech they like (Gibson, 2006). Research also suggests liberal-conservative differences in political tolerance (Davis & Silver, 2004). We measured U.S. citizens’ political tolerance for speech acts, while manip...

according to the famous theory in iranian jurisprudence, civil liability of the vehicle keepers against third party is on the res ipsa loquitor, duty of care, or risk, or a combination of them. regarding to these foundations, if a vehicle keeper has not a policy of insurance covering third party damage, he or she must compensate the damage although has not caused the accident. this was inferenc...