A robotic system is developed to automate the packing of polycrystalline silicon nuggets into a fragile fused silica crucible in CZ semiconductor wafer production. The highly irregular shapes of the nuggets make this a difficult and challenging task. In this system, nugget grasping is done with a three-cup suction gripper and nugget manipulation is attained with a 7 DOF SCARA manipulator. An op...

To obtain single crystals by solution growth, an exposed primary solidification surface in the appropriate, but often unknown, equilibrium alloy phase diagram is required. Furthermore, an appropriate crucible material is needed, necessary to hold the molten alloy during growth, without being attacked by it. Recently, we have used the comparison of realistic simulations with experimental differe...

The silicon single crystals for semiconductor application are usually grown by the Czochralski (CZ) method. In this paper, we studied a 300 mm crystal with cusp magnetic field to be used an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT). Different positions of zero-Gauss plane (ZGP) under were simulated and compared numerical analysis. We investigated three factors that affected oxygen concentration ...

The use of linear graphs in the development a mathematical model metal melting an induction crucible furnace allows to determine temperature and control excess main parts furnace. In addition, if it is necessary optimize thermal mode operation according presented graph conversion method, any part with desired parameters can be obtained.

“Experimental mathematics” has emerged in the past 25 years or so to become a competitive paradigm for research in the mathematical sciences. A workshop held at the Institute for Computational and Experimental Research in Mathematics (ICERM), July 21–25, 2014, explored emerging challenges of experimental mathematics in the rapidly changing era of modern computer technology. This report summariz...

The classical method of melting lead by fire-assay (Pb-FA) is the most frequently used analytical technique in gold prospection. The crucible solid waste which is generated in this process is usually characterized by chemical and mineralogical composition, granulometric size distribution, and classified according to Brazilian Environmental Regulations. This study demonstrates how acid leaching ...

The compatibility of Reduced Activation Ferritic/Martensitic Steel (RAFM) with liquid Li and molten-salt Flibe have been characterized and accessed. Static compatibility tests were carried out in which the specimens were immersed into liquid Li or Flibe in isothermal autoclaves. Also carried out were compatibility tests in flowing liquid Li by thermal convection loops. In the case of liquid Li,...

While sociology has historically not been a good interlocutor of war, this paper argues that the body has always known war, and that it is to the corporeal that we can turn in an attempt to develop a language to better speak of its myriad violences and its socially generative force. It argues that war is a crucible of social change that is prosecuted, lived and reproduced via the occupation and...