Cryptorchidism is the most common birth defect in reproductive system of mammalian species. In this case report a 7.6-year-old male Labrador breed dog was presented with complaints vomition, indigestion, distended abdomen, and progressive weight loss. The monorchid from birth. clinical revealed that Babesia (small form) Anaplasma positive, leukocytosis high Serum Glutamate-Oxaloacetic Transamin...

Testicular descent is an essential part of normal male sexual development. Any anomaly that disrupts normal testicular descent will be clinically evident as cryptorchidism. Several factors, such as Hoxa-10, epidermal growth factor (EGF), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and hormones, especially androgens and insulin-like factor 3 (INSL-3), have been suggested as being regulators of testi...

The history of treatment for cryptorchidism dates back more than 200 years. This review is intended to highlight some historical aspect that led us to our current surgical treatment of this condition. The medical and historical surgical literatures pertaining to cryptorchidism were reviewed. Data sources were PubMed, Embase, conference proceedings, and bibliographies. No language, date, or publ...

Recently, it has been reported that boys with severe hypospadias are at increased risk for acquired cryptorchidism. The reports suggested that prenatal and postnatal androgen disruption might be correlated with this condition. We experienced a case of ovotesticular disorder of sex development (DSD), which was ultimately diagnosed at surgery for acquired cryptorchidism. Ascent of the scrotal con...

In our study ‘‘Serum AMH concentration as a marker evaluating gonadal function in boys operated on for unilateral cryptorchidism between 1st and 4th year of life’’ [1], we measured serum AMH (anti-Mullerian hormone) levels in boys with cryptorchidism and boys with inguinal hernia. AMH is secreted by immature Sertoli cells during the 8th week of gestation, and is responsible for the regression o...

PURPOSE We dissected prevailing assumptions about cryptorchidism and reviewed data that support and reject these assumptions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five questions about cryptorchidism and the risk of testicular cancer were identified because of their implications in parent counseling and clinical management. Standard search techniques through MEDLINE were used to identify all relevant English...

BACKGROUND The etiologies of the male urogenital anomalies cryptorchidism and hypospadias are poorly understood. It has been suggested, however, that in utero hormone levels may be related to risk. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals, including polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) compounds, may alter hormone levels and thereby affect the fetus. OBJECTIVES To examine whether in utero PCB exposure is rel...

Cryptorchidism and hypospadias share possible risk factors, such as intrauterine growth retardation. According to the data collected by the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Monitoring Systems (ICBDMS), apparently increasing trends in the incidence of hypospadias were found in Sweden during the 1960s, and in Norway, Denmark, England and Hungary during the 1970s. In Norway and Denmar...