BACKGROUND Cryptosporidium is a worldwide protozoan parasite and one of the most common causes of infection and diarrhea in humans and cattle. The aim of the present study was determination of subtypes of Cryptosporidium among children with diarrhea in Tehran by sequence analysis of the highly polymorphic 60-kDa glycoprotein (GP60) gene. METHODS Fecal samples were collected from 794 diarrheic...

Many modern filtration technologies are incapable of the complete removal of Cryptosporidium oocysts from drinking-water. Consequently, Cryptosporidium-contaminated drinking-water supplies can severely implicate both water utilities and consumers. Existing methods for the detection of Cryptosporidium in drinking-water do not discern between non-pathogenic and pathogenic species, nor between via...

Cryptosporidium parvum and Cryptosporidium hominis isolates from human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients, cattle, and wild ruminants were characterized by PCR and DNA sequencing analysis of the 60-kDa glycoprotein gene. Seven alleles were identified, three corresponding to C. hominis and four corresponding to C. parvum. One new allele was found (IId), and one (IIb) had only been found in...

The production of recombinant antigens in Escherichia coli and specific polyclonal antibodies for diagnosis and therapy is still a challenge for world-wide researchers. Several different strategies have been explored to improve both antigen and antibody production, all of them depending on a successful expression and immunogenicity of the antigen. Gene fusion technology attempted to address the...

Effective removal of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts by granular filtration requires the knowledge of oocyst transport and deposition mechanisms, which can be obtained based on real time microscopic observation of oocyst transport in porous media. Attachment of oocysts to silica surface in a radial stagnation point flow cell and in a micromodel, which has 2-dimensional (2-D) microscopic pore str...

The results of batch-process solar disinfection (SODIS) of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in water are reported. Oocyst suspensions were exposed to simulated sunlight (830 W m(-2)) at 40 degrees C. Viability assays (4',6'-diamidino-2-phenylindole [DAPI]/propidium iodide and excystation) and infectivity tests (Swiss CD-1 suckling mice) were performed. SODIS exposures of 6 and 12 h reduced oocyst...

Autoradiography of oocyst wall surface proteins of three Cryptosporidium spp. revealed common bands at 285 to 290, 145 to 148, 120, 57, and 32 kilodaltons (kDa). Cryptosporidium baileyi and C. muris share proteins at 180, 100, 80 to 81, 29, and 18 to 19 kDa; C. baileyi and C. parvum share one protein at 46 to 47 kDa; and C. muris and C. parvum share a protein at 67 to 69 kDa. Additional protein...

background: cryptosporidium parvum is a zoonotic pathogen transmissible from a variety of animals to humans and is a considerable public health concern. dairy cattle have been identified in numerous reports as a major source of environmen-tal contamination with this pathogen. the aim of study was to detect and isolate the cryptosporidium spp . from fecal samples of naturally infected pre-wean c...

Cryptosporidium parvum is a zoonotic protozoan parasite that may cause severe neonatal diarrhoea or even mortality in newborn ruminants: its oocysts are extremely resistant to normal environmental conditions and to most common disinfectants. KENO™COX, a patent pending amine-based formula, was tested for its ability to inactivate C. parvum oocysts. The Daugschies assay (2002), a standardized ass...

The first step in assessing the risk of water contamination by Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts from feedlot cattle (Bos taurus) production systems is to quantify the number of C. parvum oocysts present in the fecal material deposited by feedlot cattle. Our primary objective for this project was to estimate the daily environmental load of C. parvum oocysts in fecal material deposited by feedlot c...