Economic evaluation in health care often involves cost-utility analysis (CUA), a method based on the cost-effectiveness criterion of dollars per Quality-Adjusted Life Year (QALY), where the quality adjustement factors for years lived in ill health are established through answers to standard-gamble questions. This paper shows that, contrary to a widely held notion, allocation of a fixed health c...

OBJECTIVES The diffusion of cost-utility analyses (CUAs) through the medical literature was examined, documenting visible patterns and determining how they correspond with expectations about the diffusion of process innovations. METHODS This study used 539 CUAs from a registry. It includes data elements comprising year of publication, the research center in which the study was performed, the ...

Agents that have shown improvements in survival in mCRPC now include abiraterone, enzalutamide, docetaxel, cabazitaxel and radium-223. Bone supportive agents and palliative radiation continue to play an important role in the overall management of mCRPC. Given the complexity, variety and importance of optimizing the use of these agents, a multidisciplinary team approach is highly recommended.

A search of MEDLINE, Cochrane, and EMBASE databases and conference proceedings (January 1988‒December 2015) were included to evaluate data and select pertinent articles on the topic. Search terms included cryptorchidism or undescended testicle as the topic of interest with an English language limit. Retrospective and prospective study designs, case series, review articles, and consensus stateme...

Calcification of the medial layer of arteries, often termed Monckeberg’s arteriosclerosis, is common in CKD and present in most patients with ESRD (1). Although it likely has detrimental long-term consequences, it is generally a chronic, asymptomatic condition. However, in a few patients, medial calcification leads to occlusion of small arteries and arterioles, resulting in an acute, life-threa...

Sir, Dr Yuan recently reported the interesting case of a 23year-old dialysis patient with extensive calcifications, including lung calcifications [1]. We similarly encountered a young patient who had developed severe lung calcifications, which proved reversible after intensifying the dialysis regimen and optimization of the calcium–phosphate regulation. This patient is a 29-year-old woman with ...

The double immunofluorescence technique was used to examine the distribution and interrelationship between LENK- and VIP-immunoreactive nerve fibres within the muscle layer and myenteric plexus of the large intestine in a young female patient (aged 17 years) suffering from colitis ulcerosa activa (CUA). As the CUA was found to be totally drug-resistant, a pancolotomy was performed by means of t...

Objective To assess the characteristics and quality of cost utility analyses (CUA) related to otolaryngology within the CEA registry and to summarize their collective results. Methods All cost-utility analyses published between 1976 and 2011 contained in the Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Registry (CEA Registry) were evaluated. Topics that fall within the care of an otolaryngologist were include...

In an empirical case study of software tools, two participants used the ITS style designer’s language to implement a general purpose, executable, rule-based user interface style. This language allows style designers to select, combine and modify rule prototypes in order to construct a rule-based user interface style. The participants implemented the entire IBM CUA-2 user interface style, plus n...

A protein analog of a purple copper center has been constructed from a recombinant blue copper protein (Pseudomonas aeruginosa azurin) by replacing the loop containing the three ligands to the blue copper center with the corresponding loop of the CuA center in cytochrome c oxidase (COX) from Paracoccus denitrificans. The electronic absorption in the UV and visible region (UV-vis) and electron p...