forest roads are directions in natural habitats that used to transport wood products, secondary forest products and recreation. constructing forest roads causes trees clearing with specified width thus lead to direct or indirect changes in forest ecosystems and forest environment. this study aims to assess the changes of diversity and richness indices in main and secondary forest roads in a par...

1.1. Preamble. Given a graph G = V E and a subset A ⊆ V , the cut determined by A is the vector A ∈ ±1 E with ijth entry −1 if and only if A∩ i j = 1. The cut polytope CUT G is the polytope in E defined as the convex hull of all cuts A (A⊆ V ). Given edge weights w ∈ E , the max-cut problem is the problem of finding a cut A whose weight ∑ ij∈E i∈A j ∈A wij is maximum. Hence, it can be formulate...

Solution I. set_fixation(left) II. process_ready(right) III. set_fixation(right) IV. process_rough(left) V. process_fine(left) VI. set_fixation(none) Abstraction 1. 2.6. 7.8. 9.12. 13.14. 15. Initial state Goal State Solution Solution 1. chuck(left) 2. use_tool(right,t2) 3. cut(7,3) 4. unchuck 5. chuck(right), 6. use_tool(left,t1), 7.-11. cut(1,3),...,cut(5,3), 12. use_tool(center, t3) 13. cut(...

Solution I. set_fixation(left) II. process_ready(right) III. set_fixation(right) IV. process_rough(left) V. process_fine(left) VI. set_fixation(none) Abstraction 1. 2.-6. 7.-8. 9.-12. 13.-14. 15. Initial state Goal State Solution Solution 1. chuck(left) 2. use_tool(right,t2) 3. cut(7,3) 4. unchuck 5. chuck(right), 6. use_tool(left,t1), 7.-11. cut(1,3),...,cut(5,3), 12. use_tool(center, t3) 13. ...

The application of underground pre-concentration technology to narrow vein mining has the potential to change the entire economics of bulk mining methods when used in narrow vein situations. The rejection of waste at or near the face means that a higher-grade ore can be sent to surface. The waste rock can be reused directly as backfill. Swelling of the muck through blasting means that only 60 t...

Solution I. set_fixation(left) II. process_ready(right) III. set_fixation(right) IV. process_rough(left) V. process_fine(left) VI. set_fixation(none) Abstraction 1. 2.6. 7.8. 9.12. 13.14. 15. Initial state Goal State Solution Solution 1. chuck(left) 2. use_tool(right,t2) 3. cut(7,3) 4. unchuck 5. chuck(right), 6. use_tool(left,t1), 7.-11. cut(1,3),...,cut(5,3), 12. use_tool(center, t3) 13. cut(...

BACKGROUND Body volume expands with the positive energy balance associated with the development of adult human obesity and this "growth" is captured by two widely used clinical metrics, waist circumference and body mass index (BMI). Empirical correlations between circumferences, BMI, and related body compartments are frequently reported but fail to provide an important common conceptual foundat...

We give an approximation algorithm for non-uniform sparsest cut with the following guarantee: For any ε, δ ∈ (0, 1), given cost and demand graphs with edge weights C,D : ( V 2 ) → R+ respectively, we can find a set T ⊆ V with C(T,V \T ) D(T,V \T ) at most 1+ε δ times the optimal non-uniform sparsest cut value, in time 2 poly(n) provided λr ≥ Φ∗/(1 − δ). Here λr is the r’th smallest generalized ...

We describe a new circulation-based method to determine cuts in an undirected graph. A circulation is an oriented labeling of edges with integers so that at each vertex, the sum of the in-labels equals the sum of out-labels. For an integer k, our approach is based on simple algorithms for sampling a circulation (mod k) uniformly at random. We prove that with high probability, certain dependenci...