Human reaction to drugs, including chemotherapeutics, is an extremely complex process, with many enzymes of different metabolic and signal transduction pathways involved. Despite the knowledge already gathered, the exact mechanisms responsible for individual patients’ responses to chemotherapy drugs, including adverse reactions, are still not clear. Cellular transport and detoxification systems...

Alcohol Health & Research World lcohol detoxification can be defined as a period of medical treatment, usually including counseling, during which a person is helped to overcome physical and psychological dependence on alcohol (Chang and Kosten 1997). The immediate objectives of alcohol detoxification are to help the patient achieve a substancefree state, relieve the immediate symptoms of withdr...

The S-12 fractions of lung peripheral parenchyma obtained from 80 male individuals, aged 17-71 years, were assayed as blind samples for the ability either to convert promutagens into bacterial mutagens or to decrease the potency of direct-acting mutagens in the Ames reversion test. In this system, lung preparations were completely ineffective in activating an N-nitroso compound (i.e., N-nitroso...

BACKGROUND Conventional meta-analyses and randomized controlled trials have shown inconsistent results regarding the efficacy of immunosuppressants for pediatric steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). OBJECTIVE To conduct a network meta-analysis aimed at evaluating the efficacy and safety of available immunosuppressive agents in pediatric patients with SRNS. STUDY METHODS MEDLINE, the...

Corticosteroids cause an enhanced return of granulopoiesis as measured by in vitro growth of granulocytic progenitor cells (CFU-C) in mice treated with cyclophosphamide. After methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide, a greater than threefold increase in marrow CFU-C was measured on day 4 compared to mice given cyclophosphamide alone (29,700+/-200 vs. 8,400+/-700/humerus). The accelerated return...

BACKGROUND Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating agent widely used in antineoplastic and immunosuppressive therapies. Symptomatic hyponatremia can be a rare but life-threatening complication in patients treated with cyclophosphamide. CASE PRESENTATIONS We report 2 patients who presented with severe acute hyponatremic encephalopathy after receiving their first cycles of a low-dose cyclophosphamide...

BACKGROUND Canova activates macrophages and indirectly induces lymphocyte proliferation. Here we evaluated the effects of Canova in cyclophosphamide-treated non-human primates. METHODS Twelve Cebus apella were evaluated. Four animals were treated with Canova only. Eight animals were treated with two doses of cyclophosphamide (50 mg/kg) and four of these animals received Canova. Body weight, b...

BACKGROUND In minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MNCS), the most common primary nephrotic syndrome in children, approximately 95% of cases show excellent responses to steroid therapy. However, responding patients may become steroid dependent and experience serious side effects. Although oral cyclophosphamide has been recommended in these patients, long-term side effects such as gonadal toxicity...

We deal with various strains of Lactobacillus that can maintain the intestinal microbiome rats treated cyclophosphamide, an anticancer agent (chemotherapy). use MiSeq and types statistical tests to prove cyclophosphamide in alters microbiome, favoring growth fungi are extremely harmful metabolism. On contrary, when 3L is administered together we preserved by having a much better