Cylinder deactivation is an effective measure to reduce the fuel consumption of internal combustion engines. This paper deals with several practical aspects switching from conventional operation deactivated cylinders, i.e., gas spring closed intake and exhaust valves. The focus this lies on one particular quantity-controlled stoichiometrically-operated engine where load controlled using valve t...

Aiming at the problems of low control precision and slow response speed traditional actuators in hydraulic systems, mathematical model valve-controlled cylinder is established as research object, strategy fuzzy RBF neural network proposed to servo valves On basis control, are integrated. According system, a tracking controller designed realize precise real-time feedback system. The simulation r...

This paper proposes a nonlinear Economic Model Predictive Control (eMPC) strategy for the airpath management of diesel engines with dual-loop Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) and Variable Nozzle Turbocharger (VNT). The controller directly controls VNT EGR valves to simultaneously minimise NOx, soot pumping loss. novelty this is use merged replace conventional combination supervisory tracking con...

The new configuration of independent metering valve (NIMV) system uses three proportional valves that gave been effectively proven to be energy saving compared with a conventional in the fixed load condition. However, variable condition completely affects accuracy and consumption during operation excavators. To improve motion tracking precision reduce NIMV system, novel control method based on ...

Cardiac myosin binding protein C (cMyBP-C) has a key regulatory role in cardiac contraction, but the mechanism by which changes in phosphorylation of cMyBP-C accelerate cross-bridge kinetics remains unknown. In this study, we isolated thick filaments from the hearts of mice in which the three serine residues (Ser273, Ser282, and Ser302) that are phosphorylated by protein kinase A in the m-domai...

The averaged structure of rigor cross-bridges in insect flight muscle is further revealed by three-dimensional reconstruction from 25-nm sections containing a single layer of thin filaments. These exhibit two thin filament orientations that differ by 60 degrees from each other and from myac layer filaments. Data from multiple tilt views (to +/- 60 degrees) was supplemented by data from thick se...