Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a manifestation of metabolic syndrome, which emerges as a major public health problem. Deficiency in methyl donors (folate and vitamin B12) during gestation and lactation is frequent in humans and produces foetal programming effects of metabolic syndrome, with small birth weight and liver steatosis at day 21 (d21), in rat pups. We investigated the effects...

We study the life cycle of a firm that produces good unknown quality. The manages its quality by investing while consumers learn via public breakthroughs; if fails to generate such breakthroughs, revenue falls and it eventually exits. Optimal investment depends on firm’s reputation (the market’s belief about quality) self-esteem own quality), is single-peaked in time since breakthrough. derive ...

This paper studies how security design affects project outcomes. Consider a firm that raises capital for multiple projects by offering investors share of the revenues. The revenue each is determined ex post through bargaining with buyer output. Thus, choice feasible payoffs game. We characterize securities achieve firm’s maximal equilibrium payoff in bilateral and multilateral negotiations. In ...

Commentators often lament forecasters’ inability to provide precise predictions of the long-run behavior complex economic and physical systems. Yet their concerns conflate presence substantial uncertainty with need for predictability; short-run can partially substitute if decision-makers adjust activities over time. So what is relative importance short- predictability? We study this question in...

We model the production of complex goods in a large supply network. Each firm sources several essential inputs through relationships with other firms. Individual are at risk idiosyncratic failure, which threatens to disrupt production. To protect against this, firms multisource and strategically invest make stronger, trading off cost investment benefits increased robustness. A network is called...

The deficiency of secure and reliable electrical power is a constraint to firm performance its competitiveness in developing countries. Several countries the south Asian region face electricity shortages leading frequent outages. This study investigate effect outages on technical efficiency firms selected South employed stochastic frontier approach estimate firms. We use OLS Beta regression man...

Rp1-D21 is a maize auto-active resistance gene conferring a spontaneous hypersensitive response (HR) of variable severity depending on genetic background. We report an association mapping strategy based on the Mutant Assisted Gene Identification and Characterization approach to identify naturally occurring allelic variants associated with phenotypic variation in HR. Each member of a collection ...

Using various envelope mutants of Escherichia coli, the relationship between cell surface struc­ ture and the Ca2*or Ba2+-dependent competence for transfection was investigated. In contrast with rough strains, smooth bacteria treated with Ca2+ or Ba2+ were incompetent for the trans­ fection by 0 A RF. In E. coli K12 D21 derivatives, Ca2+-dependent competence remarkably in­ creased by IpsA l mut...

In an ongoing research program for the development of new anti-tuberculosis drugs, we synthesized three series (A, B, and C) of 7-chloro-4-aminoquinolines, which were evaluated in vitro against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Now, we report the anti-MTB and cytotoxicity evaluations of a new series, D (D01-D21). Considering the active compounds of series A (A01-A13), B (B01-B13), C (C01-C07), ...

Much remains unknown of molecular events controlling the plant hypersensitive defense response (HR), a rapid localized cell death that limits pathogen spread and is mediated by resistance (R-) genes. Genetic control of the HR is hard to quantify due to its microscopic and rapid nature. Natural modifiers of the ectopic HR phenotype induced by an aberrant auto-active R-gene (Rp1-D21), were mapped...