In this study, multi-harmonic voltage reflections are analyzed for compact power amplifiers that can be integrated into micro-sized radio units. By combining impedances at DC and harmonic frequencies throughout the transmission lines of power amplifier circuits, this method is used to reduce analytically the footprint of these circuits. Further, a cost function that takes the occupied area and ...

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A 128-channel picoammeter system is constructed based on instrumentation amplifiers. Taking advantage of a high electric potential and narrow bandwidth in DC energetic charged beam measurements, a current resolution better than 5 fA can be achieved. Two sets of 128-channel strip electrodes are implemented on printed circuit boards and are employed for ion and electron beam current distribution ...

Growing interest in the electrical properties of living organisms has required the development of amplifiers sufficiently sensitive and stable to record the minute changes in potential encountered. Such amplifiers must be of high gain, with differential input (so that several amplifiers may be used simultaneously on one specimen), freedom from voltage drift, and should be direct coupled through...

For battery-powered electronic products, one way to extend battery life is to use a versatile step-up/step-down DC-DC converter. A new versatile step-up/step-down switched-capacitor-based converter structure is proposed, and its efficiency is analyzed. In the step-down case, the efficiency is the same as, or even better than the efficiency of linear regulators. key words: DC-DC converter, switc...

Interictal or ictal discharges are the basis of EEG interpretation when seizure localization is the goal, but a new report suggests an alternative. It has been known for over 40 years that, when DC recordings are made, seizures may be associated with localized, very slow, sustained voltage changes, which do not oscillate (ictal DC shift).1 These voltage changes occur more or less simultaneously...

A system of multi-axis networked smart motors is developed to reduce complex cable harnesses. Motor control signals are sent over the DC power bus line and received by motors with integrated power amplifiers and controllers. Unlike traditional AC power line communication, the noise level and signal attenuation are much lower for the DC power bus communication. This allows for high fidelity, bro...

This paper describes a new, experimentally verified, noise analysis and the design considerations of the dynamic characteristics of silicon radiometers. Transimpedance gain, loop gain, and voltage gain were optimized versus frequency for photodiode current meters measuring ac and dc optical radiation. Silicon radiometers with improved dynamic characteristics were built and tested. The frequency...

The energy efficiency of digital circuits continues to be a major factor in determining the size and weight of battery-operated electronics. Integration of more functionality in a single system has made battery longevity a major problem. Operating circuits at their minimum energy operating voltage (MEP) has been proposed as a solution for energy critical applications where performance is not a ...