GABAergic IPSCs have a relatively slow decay (deactivation) that appears to result from GABA(A) receptor channel openings that occur well beyond the predicted duration of free GABA at central synapses. Open and desensitized states have been suggested to prevent dissociation of agonist from the receptor, thus prolonging deactivation. However, simultaneous assessment of GABA binding and channel g...

The cytoplasmic half of S5 (5'S5) has been identified as part of the inner mouth of the pore based on evidence that mutations in this region greatly alter single channel conductance, 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) block and the rate of channel closing upon repolarization (deactivation). The latter effect, suggestive of a role for 5'S5 in channel gating was investigated in the present study. The biophys...

Ca(V)2.2 (N-type) and Ca(V)1.2 (L-type) calcium channels gate differently in response to membrane depolarization, which is critical to the unique physiological functions mediated by these channels. We wondered if the source for these differences could be identified. As a first step, we examined the effect of domain exchange between N-type and L-type channels on activation-deactivation kinetics,...

OBJECTIVE To examine the integrity of the default mode network in patients with Parkinson disease (PD). Previous functional neuroimaging experiments have studied executive deficits in patients with PD with regard to task-related brain activation. However, recent studies suggest that executive performance also relies on the integrity of the default mode network (ie, medial prefrontal cortex, pos...

BACKGROUND Schizo-affective disorder has not been studied to any significant extent using functional imaging. The aim of this study was to examine patterns of brain activation and deactivation in patients meeting strict diagnostic criteria for the disorder. METHOD Thirty-two patients meeting research diagnostic criteria (RDC) for schizo-affective disorder (16 schizomanic and 16 schizodepressi...

OBJECTIVE There is a rich literature confirming the default mode network found compatible with task-induced deactivation regions in normal subjects, but few investigations of alterations of the motor deactivation in patients with intracranial lesions. Therefore, we hypothesized that an intracranial lesion results in abnormal changes in a task-induced deactivation region compared with default mo...

The misuse and improper disposal of psychoactive medications is a major safety and environmental concern. Hence, the proper disposal of these medications is critically important. A drug deactivation system which contains activated carbon offers a unique disposal method. In the present study, deactivation efficiency of this system was tested by using three model psychoactive drugs. HPLC validati...

The pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass is one the most promising methods alternative fuels production. However, due to low selectivity this process, quality obtained bio-oil usually not satisfactory and does allow for its direct use as an engine fuel. Therefore, there a need apply catalysts able upgrade composition mixture products. Unfortunately, despite increase in efficiency thermal decomp...

Human ether-à-go-go-related gene ( HERG) encodes a K channel similar to the rapid delayed rectifier channel current ( I Kr) in cardiac myocytes. Modulation of I Kr by extracellular acidosis under pathological conditions may impact on cardiac electrical activity. Therefore, we studied the effects of extracellular acidification on I Kr function and the underlying mechanism, using HERGexpressed in...

Data in animals indicate that large amounts of digitalis potentiate arterial baroreflexes and that this factor may be important for the cardiovascular effects of the drug. To determine if arterial baroreflex potentiation also exists after administration of therapeutic doses of digitalis in man, we studied how stimulation and deactivation of arterial baroreceptors by phenylephrine and nitroglyce...