Background: Health inequalitymonitoring especially in Health care financing field is very important. Hence, this study tends to assess the inequality in household's capacity to pay and out-of-pocket health carepaymentsin Tehran metropolis. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in 2013.Thestudy population was selected by stratified cluster sampling, and they constitute the typical...

background: households’ financial protection against health payments and expenditures and equity in utilization of health care services are of the most important tasks of governments. this study aims to measuring equity in household’s health care payments according to fairness in financial contribution (ffc) and kakwani indices in tehran-iran, 2013. methods: this cross-sectional study was condu...

This paper deals with an inflation induced stock dependent demand inventory model with permissible delay in payments. In real life situations, some products maintain freshness and quality for some time. This inventory model is developed for non-instantaneous deteriorating items. The purpose of this paper is to obtain the optimal policies for maximizing the total profits. Numerical examples are ...

In this paper a deterministic inventory model with imperfect quality have been developed for deteriorating items with two parameters Weibull distribution deterioration and time dependent holding cost. Shortages are allowed and are completely backlogged. The model has been framed to study the items whose deterioration rate increase with time under permissible delay in payments with imperfect qua...

An EPQ model for the co-operative supply chain under the conditions of permissible delay in payments is developed in this work, in order to compare the co-operative supply chain with noncooperative supply chain; we also propose another EPQ model for the non-cooperative supply chain under the same conditions. In addition, we provide an efficient algorithm to obtain the optimal solution, and the ...

This paper shows in an experiment that giving rates in a dictator game increase significantly if payments are offered with delay. We hypothesize that a temptation to be selfish may be at play in social preferences. We model this and demonstrate that our model is consistent with much of the existing evidence on dictator games as well. The possible relationship with other social preference theori...

This paper investigates the optimal management of a firm faced with a long-term liability that occurs at a random date. Three issues are analysed: the optimal dividend policy; optimal expenditure on safety to delay the occurrence of the liability; and the optimal liquidation date of the firm. An owner faced with dynamic unlimited liability never liquidates and therefore accumulates capital to t...

Many times it happens that units ordered are not of 100% good quality. A deterministic inventory model with imperfect quality is developed when the deterioration rate is Weibull distribution. Here it is assumed that holding cost is time dependent. The model has been framed to study the items whose deterioration rate increase with time under permissible delay in payments with imperfect quality. ...

In this paper, a compound binomial model with a constant dividend barrier and random income is considered. Two types of individual claims, main claims and byclaims, are defined, where every by-claim is induced by the main claim and may be delayed for one time period with a certain probability. The premium income is assumed to another binomial process to capture the uncertainty of the customer’s...