OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the maximum depth and percentage of irrigant penetration into dentinal tubules by passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty extracted human teeth were instrumented and divided into three groups. According to final irrigation regimen, 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (Group A, NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine (Group B, CHX) and saline solution (Group C,...

We present a novel penetration depth estimation algorithm based on the use of deformed distance fields for simulation of non-penetrating flexible bodies. We assume that the continuum of non-rigid models are discretized using standard techniques, such as finite element methods. As the objects deform, the distance fields are deformed accordingly to estimate penetration depth, allowing enforcement...

on account of some complexities such as fluid-structure interaction and extra-large deformation problems, complete simulation of abrasive water jet cutting process is very hard. the main goal of this paper is to overcome these difficulties through comprehensive simulation in ls-dyna commercial software. for this purpose the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (sph) and arbitrary lagrangian eulerian...

The cavity expansion theory is most widely used to predict the depth of penetration of concrete targets. The main purpose of this work is to clarify the differences between the spherical and cylindrical cavity expansion models and their scope of application in predicting the penetration depths of concrete targets. The factors that influence the dynamic cavity expansion process of concrete mater...

Polarization gating has been widely used to selectively probe the structure of superficial biological tissue. However, the penetration depth selectivity of polarization gating has not been well understood. Using polarized light Monte Carlo simulations, we investigated how the optical properties of a scattering medium and light collection geometry affect the penetration depth of polarization gat...

The need for the control of the depth of weld penetration has been and remains of a long term interest in the automated welding process. In this study, the relationship between the depth of weld penetration and the acoustic signal acquired during the laser welding process of high strength steels is investigated. The acoustic signals are first preprocessed by the spectral subtraction noise reduc...

We have investigated the effect of Airy illumination on the image quality and depth penetration of digitally scanned light-sheet microscopy in turbid neural tissue. We used Fourier analysis of images acquired using Gaussian and Airy light-sheets to assess their respective image quality versus penetration into the tissue. We observed a three-fold average improvement in image quality at 50 μm dep...

Corrosion resistance of zircon reinforced alumina refractories has been carried out through static crucible test. The corrosion measurements with percentage, the penetration depth of molten steel and the microstructure of the refractories were evaluated after soaking 150 h at the temperature of 1500˚C. Results showed that the corrosion resistance of alumina increased by adding 20 wt% zirc...

Conventionally, the quality of the weld is ascertained only after the welding has been completed through the use of NDT techniques. A lot of time, material and manpower is wasted before one comes to know about the soundness of the weld. These limitations can be overcome if the weld is continuously monitored in real time for the assessment of defects using appropriate NDE sensors. This paper hig...

In this paper, we highlight our past experiences on fast penetration depth computation and its applications in different areas such as physically-based animation, 6DOF haptic rendering and robot motion planning.