Because of their frequency-dependent penetration depth, eddy current measurements are capable of mapping the near-surface depth profile of the electric conductivity. This technique can be used to nondestructively characterize the subsurface residual stress distribution in certain types of shot-peened metals, e.g., in nickel-base superalloys. In this paper, a highly convergent iterative inversio...

(Oil) and (lll)B. This observation is consistent with the work of Coldren et a/. on the sensitivity of the etch rate of InP in HC1 to the crystal orientation. The profile in Fig. 2 was obtained using a mixture of 1(HC1): 3(H3POJ (again the grating orientation is (Oil)), In this case the profile is rectangular with a depth of c*2000 A. Here, the etched depth is not limited by the formation of in...

two dimensional single frequency scalar vlf data modeling has been studied in this research. vlf method is one of the electromagnetic investigation methods. radio frequency waves are used for investigation of conductive deposits (paal, 1968). synthetic modeling and inversion of single frequency and multiple frequencies of vlf signals was done by oskooi (2004) for two dimensional simple structur...

diffusion of nitrogen in plasma nitrided iron and structural evolution during the nitriding process were evaluated by several characterization techniques including optical microscopy (om), microhardness depth profiling (hdp), scanning electron microscopy (sem), x-ray diffraction (xrd), glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (gdoes), and secondary ion mass spectroscopy (sims). plasma nitri...

Three cone index (CI) penetration probes recorded to a depth of 76.2 cm (30 in.) and a soil sample was collected and analyzed for moisture content at 81 locations along a transect measuring approximately 323 m (1060 ft) in length. An average maize plant yield was assigned to each location based on hand harvested ears. The three probes at each location were averaged to obtain a single profile of...

A new maximum angle method has been developed to determine surface mixed-layer (a general name for isothermal/constant-density layer) depth from profile data. It has three steps: (1) fitting the profile data with a first vector (pointing downward) from an upper level to a depth and a second vector (pointing downward) from that depth to a deeper level; (2) identifying the angle (varying with dep...

introduction: in radiotherapy, methods of treatment planning are becoming increasingly more complicated. this requires verification of the doses delivered to increasingly smaller and more precise regions. radiotherapy techniques are continuously employing smaller and smaller field sizes to deliver tighter radiation doses with higher therapeutic ratios, generating interest among researchers to p...

Purpose: This paper evaluates the mechanical parameters for three dimensions PTW automatic water phantom system (MP3-S) and its computer controlled measuring system (MEPHYSTO software version 7.3). Material and Methods: This study compares the scanning overall speed using the PTW water phantom and PTW MEPHYSTO software at different levels of overall speed 5, 10, 15, 20,30, 40, and 50mm/sec. The...