In recent years, design patterns gain more interest in software engineering communities for both software development and maintenance. As a template to solve a certain recurring problem, a design pattern documents successful experiences of software experts and gradually becomes the design guidelines of software development. Applying design patterns correctly can improve the efficiency of softwa...

Pedagogical Patterns help in general with teaching. But the teaching of design patterns introduces a few special problems like e.g. ensuring that the purpose of patterns is understood and that patterns are applied in the appropriate and correct way. This pattern language for teaching design patterns addresses these problems and offers solutions for teachers and trainers to solve them. The autho...

Three families of venomous snakes exist in Iran including Viperidae, Elapidae, and Hydrophidae. Viperidae family is the only family with a widespread distribution. Saw-scaled vipers are important poisonous snakes in Asia and Africa. This name is given to this snake due to the presence of obliquely keeled and serrated lateral body scales. Distribution of this genera is mostly reported in t...

Software design patterns package proven solutions to recurring design problems in a form that simpli es reuse. We are seeking empirical evidence whether using design patterns is bene cial. In particular, one may prefer using a design pattern even if the actual design problem is simpler than that solved by the pattern, i.e., if not all of the functionality o ered by the pattern is actually requi...

Design pattern detection is useful for a range of software comprehension and maintenance tasks. Tools that rely on static or dynamic analysis alone can produce inaccurate results, especially for patterns that rely on the run-time information. Some tools provide facilities for the developer to refine the results by adding their own knowledge. Currently, however, the ability of tools to accommoda...

This paper introduces the T-compound, an agent interaction pattern we propose as reusable architecture in the design of multi-agent systems. We explain why this model and its underlying concept of overhearing are relevant and specific to agents. Then, we describe two strategies of implementation, together with their qualities and weaknesses. We then identify the T-compound in various agent-base...

Design patterns are recognized, named solutions to common design problems. The use of the most commonly referenced design patterns should promote adaptable and reusable program code. When a system evolves, changes to code involving a design pattern should, in theory, consist of creating new concrete classes that are extensions or subclasses of previously existing classes. Changes should not, in...

This article is concerned mainly with the software aspects of building reliable and efficient services on a cluster of workstations. A key technology to achieve such a goal is service replication. However, designing and implementing a replication system is a very difficult task. Based on an active replication model, this paper focuses on an objectoriented design pattern to simplify the design a...

Information technology adoption and literacy are typically not first-order goals for community-based volunteer organizations. Nonetheless, information technology is vital to such groups for member recruiting and management, communication and visibility to the community, as well as primary group activities. However, volunteer organizations are often not able to make effective use of Internet-bas...

Whereas a design pattern describes and discusses a solution to a design problem, a reverse engineering pattern describes how to understand aspects of an object-oriented design and how to identify problems in that design. In the context of a project developing a methodology for reengineering objectoriented legacy systems into frameworks, we are working on a pattern language for reengineering. Th...