Echinoderm genome sequences are a corpus of useful information about a clade of animals that serve as research models in fields ranging from marine ecology to cell and developmental biology. Genomic information from echinoids has contributed to insights into the gene interactions that drive the developmental process at the molecular level. Such insights often rely heavily on genomic information...

T he establishment of asymmetry is no simple matter for the developing organism. How asymmetric differences are generated and maintained in tissues that still must coordinate with other developing tissues to form a correctly positioned, viable body plan is a central question in developmental biology. The ability to establish and maintain asymmetry is crucial to the development of many organisms...

Because mathematics is fundamentally symbolic—even totally symbolic at a higher level—the recent finding by Skagerlund and Träff (2014a) that fourth graders with developmental dyscalculia (DD) exhibit intact symbolic number processing seems curious. The importance of symbolism in mathematics is such that the finding seems contradictory with the notion of dyscalculia. Here I discuss three concer...

This study has been conducted in order to investigate the extent to which some characteristics of dyscalculia may be common to dyslexia. Seven multiple single-cases were studied: two children with dyslexia only, two with dyscalculia only, and three more children with comorbidity of dyslexia and dyscalculia. Each participant was assessed with a standardized comprehensive battery of arithmetical,...

While the heterogeneity of developmental dyscalculia is increasingly recognized, the different profiles have not yet been clearly established. Among the features underpinning types of developmental dyscalculia suggested in the literature, an impairment in arithmetic fact retrieval is particularly prominent. In this paper, we present a case study of an adult woman (DB) with very good cognitive c...