We conduct a simulation study of Local Projection (LP) and Vector Autoregression (VAR) estimators structural impulse responses across thousands data generating processes, designed to mimic the properties universe U.S. macroeconomic data. Our analysis considers various identification schemes several variants LP VAR estimators. A clear bias-variance trade-off emerges: have lower bias than but sub...

Using GPS system for positioning is subject to several sources of errors: ionosphere and troposphere delays, signal multi-path, number of visible satellites, satellite geometry/shading... A typical civilian GPS receiver provides 6-12 meters accuracy, depending on number of satellites available. This accuracy can be reduced to 1m by using a DGPS (Differential GPS) system which employs a second r...