In simulations, pre-service teachers need sophisticated feedback to develop complex skills such as diagnostic reasoning. an experimental study with N = 178 about simulated pupils learning difficulties, we investigated the effects of automatic adaptive feedback, which is based on artificial neural networks, teachers' Diagnostic reasoning was operationalised accuracy and quality justifications. W...

Our underlying premise is that the current trend towards mass use of sophisticated diagnostic tools in routine practice—accompanied by a blind faith in technology and predefined diagnostic algorithms—is threatening to kill off the science and art of clinical reasoning. Besides burning a lot of public and private money to make diagnostic work rather superficial, doctors also risk losing the inte...

BACKGROUND Clinical reasoning ability is an important factor in a physician's competence and thus should be taught and tested in medical schools. Medical schools generally use objective structured clinical examinations (OSCE) to measure the clinical competency of medical students. However, it is unknown whether OSCE can also evaluate clinical reasoning ability. In this study, the authors invest...

Any reasoning system is fallible, so crew members and flight controllers must be able to cross-check automated diagnoses of spacecraft or habitat problems by considering alternate diagnoses and analyzing related evidence. Cross-checking improves diagnostic accuracy because people can apply information processing heuristics, pattern recognition techniques, and reasoning methods that the automate...

DIAGNOSTIC REASONING AND PLANNING IN EXPLORATORY CORRECTIVE DOMAINS Ron Rymon Bonnie L Webber Supervisor I have developed a methodology for knowledge representation and reasoning for agents working in exploratory corrective domains Working within the eld of Arti cial Intelligence in Medicine I used the speci c problem of diagnosis and repair in multiple trauma management as both motivation and ...

It is well known that an expert clinician formulates a diagnostic hypothesis with little clinical data. In comparison, students have difficulties in doing so. The mental mechanism of diagnostic reasoning is almost unconscious and therefore difficult to teach. The purpose of this essay (devoted to 2nd-year medical students) is to present an integrating framework to teach clinical reasoning in ca...

BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) diagnosis is a complex multifaceted process that often yields multiple differential diagnoses and subdiagnoses. OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to (1) understand cognitive strategies and diagnostic reasoning processes of TCM practitioners engaged in tongue diagnosis and (2) investigate TCM practitioners' diagnostic accuracy. Clinical decisi...

Diagnostic competences of teachers are an essential prerequisite for the individual support students and, therefore, highly important. There is a substantial amount research on teachers’ diagnostic competences, mostly operationalized as accuracy, and how may be influenced by professional knowledge base. While this line already includes studies influence content (CK), pedagogical (PCK), pedagogi...