Both academics and central banks have recently started to analyze merits dangers of introducing bank digital currencies (CBDC), i.e., some form moneyCentral bankCentral money handled through electronic means accessible the broad public.

Regulating and monitoring political finances is an important factor in ensuring a fair equitable electoral environment, but there are frequent cases of illegal finances, the modern world tendency to use digital currencies, which slowly entering parties making impossible. The Relevant finance regulations set standards for access information, make it possible process required monitor achieve tran...

Central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) give rise to many possibilities including those of negative interest rates. A two-period decision model is presented between one central and representative household. The applies the Taylor (1993) rule choose its rate. household allocates resources strategically production, consumption, CBDC holding, non-CBDC holding. results are determined analytically i...

We investigate the structure of the currencies (systems of coins) for which the greedy change-making algorithm always finds an optimal solution (that is, a one with minimum number of coins). We present a series of necessary conditions that must be satisfied by the values of coins in such systems. We also uncover some relations between such currencies and their sub-currencies.