We analyze possible future trends in dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) export by world rivers and associated emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O). Our scenarios either assume that current trends continue or that nitrogen (N) inputs to aquatic systems are reduced as a result of changes in agriculture practices and fuel combustion technologies. The results indicate that moderate changes in the human...

Objective: To outline the major methodological issues appropriate to the use of the population impact number (PIN) and the disease impact number (DIN) in health policy decision making. Design: Review of literature and calculation of PIN and DIN statistics in different settings. Setting: Previously proposed extensions to the number needed to treat (NNT): the DIN and the PIN, which give a populat...

We investigated the properties of an artificial chimeric peptide that contains an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)tripeptide, the versatile cell recognition signal of extracellular matrix protein components, coupled to a carboxyl-terminal fragment of the highly specific a-thrombin hibitor, hirudin (residues 53-64): WG-SANGDFEEIPEEYL (RGD-hir~din'~-'~). Hir ~ d i n ~ ~ ' ~ and RGD-hir~din'~-'~ inhibited th...

We show that the FIX type theory introduced by Crole and Pitts 3] can be encoded in variants of Abadi and Cardelli's object calculi. More precisely, we show that the FIX type theory presented with judgements of both equality and operational reduction can be translated into object calculi, and the translation proved sound. In the case of operational reductions, we introduce a variant of Abadi an...

Five-Year Efficacy and Safety Analysis of the Adenoma Prevention with Celecoxib Trial. Monica M. Bertagnolli, Craig J. Eagle, Ann G. Zauber, Mark Redston, Aurora Breazna, KyungMann Kim, Jie Tang, Rebecca B. Rosenstein, Asad Umar, Donya Bagheri, Neal T. Collins, John Burn, Daniel C. Chung, Thomas Dewar, T. Raymond Foley, Neville Hoffman, Finlay Macrae, Ronald E. Pruitt, John R. Saltzman, Bruce S...

Arthroscopic subacromial decompression (ASAD) is becoming a widely performed surgical procedure of the shoulder. The technique has evolved from open anterior acromioplasty as described by Neer,1,2 Hawkins et al,3,4 Rockwood,5 and Bigliani et al.6 The transition from open to arthroscopic technique entails a definite learning curve and should not be underestimated. This chapter focuses on the tec...

BACKGROUND Sponges have long been known to be ecologically important members of the benthic fauna on coral reefs. Recently, it has been shown that sponges are also important contributors to the nitrogen biogeochemistry of coral reefs. The studies that have been done show that most sponges are net sources of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN; NH4 (+) and NO3 (-)) and that nitrification, mediated...