The main objective of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters for multi-trait evaluation of birth weight (BW), gestation length (GL) and calving difficulty (CD) in first-parity Iranian Holstein dairy cattle. The data included 29,950 calving records collected during 1995 to 2014 by the Animal Breeding and Improvement Center of Iran. A threshold-linear sire-maternal grandsire model was ...

Ultrasound imaging is increasingly used with motion and force data to quantify tendon dynamics during human movement. Frequently, tendon dynamics are estimated indirectly from muscle fascicle kinematics (by subtracting muscle from muscle-tendon unit length), but there is mounting evidence that this Indirect approach yields implausible tendon work loops. Since tendons are passive viscoelastic st...

INTRODUCTION Local health authorities need small-area estimates for prevalence of chronic diseases and health behaviors for multiple purposes. We generated city-level and census-tract-level prevalence estimates of 27 measures for the 500 largest US cities. METHODS To validate the methodology, we constructed multilevel logistic regressions to predict 10 selected health indicators among adults ...

Longevity of Rhizoprionodon terraenovae and Carcharhinus acronotus in the western North Atlantic Ocean was examined using direct age estimates from vertebral sections and tag-recapture data. Time-at-liberty ranged from 7.7-14.0 years (mean =10.1) for R. terraenovae and 10.9-12.8 years (mean =11.9) for C. acronotus. Maximum estimated longevity was determined to be 19.8 years through tag-recaptur...

Longevity of and in the Rhizoprionodon terraenovae Carcharhinus acronotus western North Atlantic Ocean was examined using direct age estimates from vertebral sections and tag-recapture data. Time-at-liberty ranged from 7.7-14.0 years (mean =10.1) for and 10.9-12.8 years (mean =11.9) for R. terraenovae C. . Maximum estimated longevity was determined to be 19.8 years acronotus through tag-recaptu...

a total of 2000 records of egg quality of 746 birds and body weight data from 17th generation of fars native fowl breeding station were used to estimate the genetic parameters of egg quality and body weight traits. six univariate animal models with different random effects were fitted for each trait. a model with direct additive genetic and maternal permanent environmental effects was the most ...

records of 2593 baluchi ewes, obtained from baluchi sheep breeding station in abbas abad, mashhad, were used to estimate genetic parameters for total weight of lamb weaned per ewe joined (tww/wj) in different parities. estimates of heritability for tww1/ej, tww2/ej, tww3.ej and tww4/ej were 0.112 ? 0.030, 0.028 ? 0.030, 0.075 ? 0.060 and 0.135 ? 0.120, respectively. direct additive genetic corr...

We describe a novel spatially and temporally detailed approach for determining the cause or causes of a population decline, using the western Alaskan population of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) as an example. Existing methods are mostly based on regression, which limits their utility when there are multiple hypotheses to consider and the data are sparse and noisy. Our likelihood-based ...