This paper presents a modified digital image watermarking method based on nonnegative matrix factorization. Firstly, host image is factorized to the product of three nonnegative matrices. Then, the centric matrix is transferred to discrete cosine transform domain. Watermark is embedded in low frequency band of this matrix and next, the reverse of the transform is computed. Finally, watermarked ...

—A multiple-image encryption scheme is proposed by using discrete cosine transform and discrete multiple-parameter fractional Fourier transform (DMPFRFT). Each image is performed by discrete cosine transform and filtering procedure and then multiplexed into a complex signal. After operated by a pixel scrambling, the complex signal is multiplied by random phase mask, and then encrypted into one...

Abstract. The modified discrete cosine transform (MDCT) and modified discrete sine transform (MDST) both for the evenly and oddly stacked systems are perfect reconstruction cosine/sine–modulated filter banks based on time domain aliasing cancellation (TDAC) employed in the current international audio coding standards and commercial audio compression products. Based on the matrix representation ...

In this work, we propose an image inpainting optimization model whose objective functional is a smoothed l norm of the weighted non-decimated discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients of the underlying image. By identifying the objective function of the proposed model as a sum of a differentiable term and a non-differentiable term, we give a basic algorithm inspired by Beck and Teboulle’s re...

this paper presents a modified digital image watermarking method based on nonnegative matrix factorization. firstly, host image is factorized to the product of three nonnegative matrices. then, the centric matrix is transferred to discrete cosine transform domain. watermark is embedded in low frequency band of this matrix and next, the reverse of the transform is computed. finally, watermarked ...

Facial recognition and expression analysis is rapidly becoming an area of intense interest in computer science and humancomputer interaction design communities. The most expressive way humans display emotions is through facial expressions. In this paper skin and non-skin pixels were separated. Face regions were extracted from the detected skin regions. Facial expressions are analyzed from facia...

‹ Blocking effect