Dual-process theory, which holds that recognition decisions can be based on recollection or familiarity, has long seemed incompatible with signal detection theory, which holds that recognition decisions are based on a singular, continuous memory-strength variable. Formal dual-process models typically regard familiarity as a continuous process (i.e., familiarity comes in degrees), but they const...

In the context of quantaloid-enriched categories, we explain how each saturated class of weights defines, and is defined by, an essentially unique full sub-KZ-doctrine of the free cocompletion KZ-doctrine. The KZ-doctrines which arise as full sub-KZ-doctrines of the free cocompletion, are characterised by two simple “fully faithfulness” conditions. Conical weights form a saturated class, and th...

The TREAT paradigm and the doctrine of explanatory synthesis are both organizational methodologies and substantive theories designed to improve the substance of legal writing. The TREAT paradigm doctrine holds that the presentation of legal discourse in a carefully constructed order not only promotes clarity and satisfies audience expectations but also maximizes the communicative potential and ...

Recollection is well-characterized in adults and school-aged children, yet little is known about how this ability develops in early childhood. This study utilized a behavioral source memory paradigm and event-related potentials (ERPs) to examine recollection in early childhood. ERPs were compared between items whose context was remembered and forgotten as well as new items. Activity late in the...

the exhaustion doctrine refers to one of the limits of intellectual property rights. once a product protected of ip right has been marketed either by the ip right owner or by others whit her consent, the ip right owner cannot prohibit the further commercialization (like the resale) of that product. thus , a critical element in determining that the owner of an ip right has exhausted her/his righ...

The ability to recognize a previously experienced stimulus is supported by two processes: recollection of the stimulus in the context of other information associated with the experience, and a sense of familiarity with the features of the stimulus. Although familiarity and recollection are functionally distinct, there is considerable debate about how these kinds of memory are supported by regio...

Recognition memory performance reflects two distinct memory processes: a conscious process of recollection, which allows remembering specific details of a previous event, and familiarity, which emerges in the absence of any conscious information about the context in which the event occurred. Slow wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep are differentially involved in the consolidatio...

Here we review our development of an animal model of episodic memory and amnesia that employs a signal detection analyses to characterize recognition memory performance in rats. This approach aims to distinguish episodic recollection of studied items from mere familiarity for recently experienced stimuli, and then to examine the neural basis of these memory processes. Our findings on intact ani...

People with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit subtle deficits in recollection, which have been proposed to arise from encoding impairments, though a direct link has yet to be demonstrated. In the current study, we used eye-tracking to obtain trial-specific measures of encoding (eye movement patterns) during incidental (natural viewing) and intentional (strategic) encoding conditions in adu...