A better understanding of aerosol radiative properties is a crucial challenge for climate change studies. This study aims at providing a complete characterization of aerosol radiative effects in different spectral ranges within the shortwave (SW) solar spectrum. For this purpose, longterm data sets of aerosol properties from six AERONET stations located in the Iberian Peninsula (southwestern Eu...

Ground-based measurements of the solar transmission and sky radiance in a horizontal plane through the Sun are taken in several geographical regions and aerosol types: dust in a desert transition zone in Israel, sulfate particles in Eastern and Western Europe, tropical aerosol in Brazil, and mixed continental/maritime aerosol in California. Stratospheric aerosol was introduced after the eruptio...

This paper studies two high-pollution episodes over Greater Tokyo: 9 and 10 December 1999, and 31 July and 1 August 2001. Results obtained with the chemistry-transport model (CTM) Polair3D are compared to measurements of inorganic PM2.5. To understand to which extent the aerosol processes modeled in Polair3D impact simulated inorganic PM2.5, Polair3D is run with different options in the aerosol...

Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. [1] In this study chemical compositions of background aerosol and ice nuclei were examined through laboratory inves...

Atmospheric cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations are a key uncertainty in the assessment of the effect of anthropogenic aerosol on clouds and climate. The ability of new ultrafine particles to grow to become CCN varies throughout the atmosphere and must be understood in order to understand CCN formation. We have developed the Probability of Ultrafine particle Growth (PUG) model to ans...

Biogenic influences on the composition and characteristics of aerosol were investigated on Bird Island (5400 S, 3803 W) in the South Atlantic during November and December 2010. This remote marine environment is characterised by large seabird and seal colonies. The chemical composition of the submicron particles, measured by an aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS), was 21 % non-sea-salt sulfate, 2 % ...

chitosan-graft-polyethylenimine (chi-g-pei) copolymer has been used for theimprovement of low transfection efficiency of chitosan. the present study aims to test thepulmonary toxicity and efficiency of chi-g-pei as an aerosol gene carrier. mice were exposedto aerosol containing green-fluorescent protein (gfp)-polyethylenimine (pei) or gfp-chig-pei complexes for 30 min during the development of ...

[1] In situ measurements of trace gases and aerosols were conducted at an urban site in Tokyo (35 390N, 139 400E). The data obtained in summer (July–August 2003), fall (September–October 2003), and winter (February 2003 and January–February 2004) are used for the present analysis. Size-resolved chemical composition of nonrefractory (vaporized at 600 C under high vacuum) submicron aerosol was me...

OCTOBER 2004 AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY | T he Progressive Aerosol Retrieval and Assimilation Global Observing Network (PARAGON) concept (Diner et al. 2004) envisions a coordinated and systematic approach for dramatically improving our understanding of aerosol climate impacts and environmental interactions. Among its scientific motivations is the need to establish, with great confidence, t...