Plant polyphenols have gained attention in recent years because of their potential to alleviate obesity and metabolic syndrome, protect neurological function, maintain intestinal function. Here, we evaluated the effect green tea catechin epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) suppress obesity, inflammation, regulate hypothalamic neurotransmitters high-fat diet mice. Obese male C57BL/6J mice were gavag...

mind-altering drugs, especially plants, have fascinated human and always occupied man’s attention .among the plants used by humans, those able to alter the mind and the mood have drawn special consideration. actually, due to their amazing effects, these drugs, have occupied much of the researchers’ time and efforts towards attempts to understand their mechanism, and, hence, to understand human ...

Matsumoto and Hikosaka (2007) provided the first electrophysiological evidence that lateral habenula (LHb) neurons are inhibited by stimuli predicting reward and excited by stimuli predicting no reward, in exact opposition to the firing responses of midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons. Discovering the temporal relationship between LHb neuronal activity and negative reward prediction was groundbreaki...

Evidence accumulates linking obesity and diabetes with cognitive dysfunction. At present the mechanism(s) underlying these associations and the relative contribution of diet, adiposity, and metabolic dysfunction are unknown. In this perspective key gaps in knowledge are outlined and an initial sketch of a neuropsychological profile is developed that points toward a critical role for dopamine (D...

A new Schiff base 2-aminothiophenol furfural self assembled monolayer (SAM) has been fabricated on a bare gold electrode as a novel sensor for determination of dopamine. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopywas utilized to investigate the properties of the Au 2-aminothiophenol furfural self assembled monolayermodified electrode (Au ATF SAM-ME) using the [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- redox couple. The electro...

a new schiff base 2-aminothiophenol furfural self assembled monolayer (sam) has been fabricated on a bare gold electrode as a novel sensor for determination of dopamine. electrochemical impedance spectroscopywas utilized to investigate the properties of the au 2-aminothiophenol furfural self assembled monolayermodified electrode (au atf sam-me) using the [fe(cn)6]3-/4- redox couple. the electro...

Dopamine is one of the important medications of Portulaca oleracea L. To optimize the production of dopamine, one of the methods is the identification and engineering of metabolite pathways. To investigate the tyrosine decarboxylase (TDC) and tyrosinase, which seem to be the most important genes in dopamine synthesis pathway, hairy roots were produced from Portulaca oleracea using Agrobacterium...

Dextromethorphan is an NMDA receptor antagonist in the glutamatergic system. Currently, there are some reports showing that the glutamatergic NMDA receptor mechanism stimulates dopamine release from several brain regions. This effect may in part modulate the stereotyped behaviors of dopaminergic system. The purpose of the present study was to determine the interaction between the blockade of NM...

Acute administration of cocaine is known to enhance extracellular dopamine levels in the striatum and to activate immediate-early gene expression in striatal neurons. Regional cerebral metabolic rate for glucose (rCMRglc) reportedly increases in extrapyramidal and mesolimbic brain regions in response to acute cocaine treatment. However, chronic administration attenuates the cocaine-induced enha...

Synaptosomes are now known to possess a high degree. of metabolic independence during incubation in physiological medium, containing glucose as a substrate (see review by de Belleroche & Bradford, 1973). Under these conditions, depolarizing agents induce the calcium-dependent release of physiologically active compounds, including acetylcholine (de Belleroche &Bradford, 19726), aspartate, glutam...