We present here the development of a new solution-processable n-type dopant, N-DMBI. Our experimental results demonstrated that a well-known n-channel semiconductor, [6,6]-phenyl C(61) butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM), can be effectively doped with N-DMBI by solution processing; the film conductivity is significantly increased by n-type doping. We utilized this n-type doping for the first time ...

One of the most remarkable developments in the field of athletics in recent years has been the growth and popularity of the international athletic contest? on a grandiose scale which are known as the Olympic games. For many years past these contests have been staged and produced on an ever-increasing scale of lavishness. and though the healthy spirit of emulation engendered by the aggregation o...

Based on a variational approach, we propose that there are two kinds of low-energy states in the t-J-type models at low doping. In a quasiparticle state an unpaired spin bound to a hole with a well-defined momentum can be excited with spin waves. The resulting state shows a suppression of antiferromagnetic order around the hole with the profile of a spin bag. These spin-bag states with spin and...

This paper extends classical work on economics of doping into a multi-player game setting. Apart from being among the first papers formally formulating and analysing a multi-player doping situation, we find interesting results related to different types of Nash-equilibria (NE). Based mainly on analytic results, we claim at least two different NE structures linked to the choice of prize function...

Pairing correlations are studied numerically in a hole-doped spin-fermion model. Simulations performed on up to 12 x 12 clusters provide indications of D-wave superconductivity away from half-filling comparable to those of the 2D t-J model. The pairing correlations are the strongest in the direction perpendicular to the dynamic stripes that appear in the ground state at some densities. An optim...

Sports authorities exclude athletes with abnormal levels of blood parameters. Here, the consideration of longitudinal blood profiles together with heterogeneous factors such as ethnicity and age produces a model with enhanced sensitivity to detect blood doping. Sports disciplines with heterogeneous populations now have a general method to introduce the no-start rule.

The ground state of a double-exchange model for orbitally degenerate e(g) electrons with Jahn-Teller lattice coupling and weak disorder is found to be spatially inhomogeneous near half filling. Using a real-space Monte Carlo method we show that doping the half-filled orbitally ordered insulator leads to the appearance of hole-rich disordered regions in an orbitally ordered environment. The dopi...

We investigate how fast and how effective photocarrier excitation can modify the exchange interaction J_{ex} in the prototype Mott-Hubbard insulator. We demonstrate an ultrafast quenching of J_{ex} both by evaluating exchange integrals from a time-dependent response formalism and by explicitly simulating laser-induced spin precession in an antiferromagnet that is canted by an external magnetic ...