The Shematrin family is unique to the organic matrices of pearl oyster shells, containing repetitive, low-complexity domains designated as XGnX (where X is a hydrophobic amino acid). Current studies suggested that Shematrins are framework proteins in the prismatic layer of Pinctada fucata; however, the exact function of Shematrin during shell formation is unclear. In this study, we cloned and c...

It is difficult to evaluate the sloshing load acting on a fixed roof of tank because it depends on the collision of the liquid to the roof. In this paper, the SPH simulation was introduced to evaluate the load acting on a fixed roof. The results obtained by the simulation showed good agreement with those obtained from other method. In addition, the effect of the roof-liquid clearance on the slo...

Experimental evidence for the correlated two-electron one-photon transitions (1s(-2)→2s(-1)2p(-1)) following single-photon K-shell double ionization is reported. The double K-shell vacancy states in solid Mg, Al, and Si were produced by means of monochromatized synchrotron radiation, and the two-electron one-photon radiative transitions were observed by using a wavelength dispersive spectromete...

The restricted open-shell Hartree-Fock (ROHF) method in its different formulations is a standard tool used by quantum chemists for studying open-shell systems. This work presents a discussion of specific difficulties which arise in the ROHF method in those cases where the orbital energies violate the Aufbau principle (AP). The AP violations are often treated in the literature as a deficiency of...

Roof problems, especially roof leaks, not only disrupt building operations, but can also contribute to the occurrence of severe internal Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) problems (Oliver 1997; Rivin 2001; Haverinen, Vahteristo et al. 2003). One of the well-accepted causes of roof leaks is the lack of roof maintenance (Lounis, Vanier et al. 1998a). The out-of-sight, out-of-mind nature of a roof’s locati...

We present a versatile technique for fabricating polymersomes in glass-coated stamped microfluidic devices. We use templates comprised of double emulsions with a shell of block copolymers dissolved in organic solvents. The double emulsions direct the assembly of amphiphilic diblock copolymers into polymersomes during evaporation of the organic solvents. Our device consists of a single cross jun...

Many viruses protect their genome with a combination of a protein shell with or without a membrane layer. Here we describe the structure of faustovirus, the first DNA virus (to our knowledge) that has been found to use two protein shells to encapsidate and protect its genome. The crystal structure of the major capsid protein, in combination with cryo-electron microscopy structures of two differ...

The development and application of a double-label immunofluorescence method which has the potential to screen for single or dual infections from any site, in single shell vial cultures, is described. In this study, a total of 1,141 ocular specimens were inoculated in shell vials, centrifuged at 15,000 X g for 1 h, incubated at 37 degrees C for 48 h, and fixed in methanol at room temperature for...

Self-assembly has proven to be a widely successful synthetic strategy for functional materials, especially for metal-organic materials (MOMs), an emerging class of porous materials consisting of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and metal-organic polyhedra (MOPs). However, there are areas in MOM synthesis in which such self-assembly has not been fully utilized, such as controlling the interior of...