In 1893, Maydl’ conceived of a plan for introducing an anesthetic through a tracheal tube; and Eisenmenger’ added an inflatable cuff around the distal end of the tube. However nothing was done with these ideas for over a quarter of a century. In 1924, Waters2 described the “carbon-dioxide absorption” method of anesthesia, and four years later Waters and Guedel3 published an article on the “Intr...

The paper presents a survey of the experimental and numerical studies shell-and-tube systems in which phase change material (PCM) is used. Due to multitude design solutions for systems, emphasis placed on double-tube (DT), triplex-tube (TT), multi-tube (MT) units. Additionally, only single-pass are considered. Particular attention paid method heat transfer intensification. analysis research res...

Surface temperature distribution on a tube is one of the main factors affecting calculation heat transfer coefficient calculation. When an electric heater heats tube, magnetic flux generated that affects thermocouples readings; therefore, efficient fitting technique needed to represent these readings. This work proposes interpolated spline method mathematically experimental data thermal with fl...

Evidence for modified electronic structure in double-walled carbon nanotubes with respect to their individual inner and outer constituent single-walled nanotubes is provided by scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy experiments. The contribution originating from the inner tube to the local density of states of the double-walled system was identified in agreement with previous theoretica...

Abstract In this paper, we introduce the notion of a marginal tube, which is hypersurface foliated by surfaces. It generalises marginally trapped tube and several notions black hole horizons, for example trapping isolated dynamical etc. We prove that if every spacelike section surface, then null. There no assumption on topology tube. To it, study geometry surfaces in four-dimensional spacetime ...

The results of experimental studies free-convective heat transfer single-, double- and four-row bundles finned tubes without with an exhaust shaft are presented. It is shown that the inter-tube spacing significantly affects energy efficiency bundle. optimum 61 mm for single-row, about 70 double-row, over bundles. With increase number rows in bundle specific capacity increases, but rate its decr...

Objective. To evaluate the efficacy of double Fallopian tube sperm perfusion in comparison with single-sperm perfusion in patients with nontubal subfertility undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation. Study Design. Sixty-six patients undergoing standard ovarian stimulation regimen were randomized to receive either single-sperm perfusion group 1 (n = 33) or double-sperm perfusion group 2 (n = 33...

The Delves micro-scale technique for blood lead analysis is an accurate method for screening capillary blood specimens, obtained by fingerstick, for lead intoxication. Results are affected by the age of cup, loop, and hollow-cathode tube and by the spatial relationship between optical tube and cup. Because the glass in many commercially available capillary tubes (used in specimen collection) ...

Double-lumen endotracheal tube (DLET) anaesthesia is the commonly used method in minimally invasive oesophagectomy (MIE). However, DLET intubation does have its disadvantages. Firstly, the placement of the DLET needs a skilled anaesthetist with familiarity of the technique and subsequent ability to perform a fibre-optic bronchoscopy for confirmation. Secondly, DLET intubation and one-lung venti...